Nutrition Counseling and Education

Question 1

pedagogy

Answer 1

education method where learner is dependent on teacher for guidance, evaluation, and acquisition (children)

Question 2

androgogy

Answer 2

methods and approaches used in adult education and is directed toward self-actualization, gaining experience, and problem solving

Question 3

teaching goal: middle and upper income

Answer 3

GOAL oriented; if they cannot relate, it will be a waste of time

Question 4

teaching goal: lower income

Answer 4

interested in costs

Question 5

teaching goal: very poor

Answer 5

short-term planners

Question 6

teaching goal: adolescents

Answer 6

consider peer pressure, relate to their interests

Question 7

teaching goal: elderly

Answer 7

decreased attention span; short is best

Question 8

written method of communication

Answer 8

more formal
low literacy: 6th grade
high literacy: 8th grade

Question 9

verbal method of communication

Answer 9

more personal
encourages participants to participate
barrier: listening

Question 10

4 C’s of effective communication

Answer 10

complete
concise
concrete
correct

Question 11

cultural competence

Answer 11

the ability to understand, appreciate, and interact with people from other cultures or belief systems

Question 12

cultural awareness

Answer 12

introspection to analyze biases toward other cultures

Question 13

cultural encounters

Answer 13

engage in cultural interactions to modify understanding of cultures

Question 14

cultural knowledge

Answer 14

develop a strong understanding of diverse groups using reliable sources

Question 15

cultural skill

Answer 15

demonstrate an ability to conduct thorough cultural assessments that pulls data relevant to client’s situation

Question 16

cultural desire

Answer 16

a genuine interest in becoming culturally aware

Question 17

this body language might indicate: good posture, averting eyes

Answer 17

sign of respect

Question 18

this body language might indicate: lowering eyes

Answer 18

preoccupation/worry

Question 19

this body language might indicate: arms folded on desk

Answer 19

dislike/avoidance

Question 20

this body language might indicate: clenched fist

Answer 20

anger

Question 21

this body language might indicate: crossing/uncrossing legs repeatedly

Answer 21

anxiety

Question 22

this body language might indicate: moving chair away

Answer 22

discomfort

Question 23

distance for each zone
intimate
personal
social
public

Answer 23

intimate: <18”
personal: 18” to 4’
social: 4’ to 12’
public: >12’

Question 24

goal vs. objective

Answer 24

goal: an achievable outcome that is broad and long-term
objective: defines measurable actions in the short-term to achieve overall goal *uses SMART framework

Question 25

SMART

Answer 25

specific measurable attainable realistic time-bound

Question 26

transtheoretical stages of change

Answer 26

pre-contemplation: unaware or uninterested in making a change contemplation: thinking about making a change preparation: wants to make change, has begun making a plan action: tries to make change maintenance: has been making change for >6 months

Question 27

operant condition

Answer 27

people's behaviors are learned based on feedback stimuli negative: behavior decreases positive: behavior increases

Question 28

classical conditioning

Answer 28

the pairing of two unrelated stimuli so that they elicit a response together

Question 29

health belief model

Answer 29

perceived susceptibility - can it happen to me? perceived severity - if it happens to me, will it be serious? perceived benefit - will a change actually have benefits to me? perceived barriers - what are the reasons I cannot make this change? self-efficacy - do I have the skills to make this change? cues to action - the specific trigger to stimuli for an action or behavior

Question 30

steps to nutrition counseling (6)

Answer 30

1. establish rapport 2. collect background info/assessment 3. establish goals of the interview 4. interview 5. educate 6. closing/summarize

Question 31

considerations for interview during counseling

Answer 31

focus on open-ended questions, rather than close-ended avoid leading questions know the difference between primary and secondary questions listen throughout and note nonverbal cues avoid why questions

Question 32

clarification

Answer 32

asking about ambiguous answers

Question 33

reflective listening

Answer 33

paraphrasing to show you are listening

Question 34

feedback

Answer 34

testing what they know/understand from education

Question 35

legitimation

Answer 35

acknowledging their feelings

Question 36

evaluative response

Answer 36

offering advice that won't actually solve the problem *AVOID

Question 37

hostile

Answer 37

antagonize or humiliates client *AVOID

Question 38

reassuring

Answer 38

telling client "everything will be ok" *AVOID

Question 39

probing

Answer 39

engages conversation, making the client think

Question 40

understanding

Answer 40

putting yourself in the client's shoes; re-creating the client's message in your own POV

Question 41

affirmation

Answer 41

"good job"

Question 42

self-disclosure

Answer 42

"this happened to me too"

Question 43

cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 43

removing self-talk and eliciting change talk

Question 44

motivational interviewing

Answer 44

goal-oriented communication style to increase motivation and readiness to change by allowing pt to evoke a desire for change on their own

Question 45

principles of MI

Answer 45

avoid arguments support self-efficacy roll with resistance express empathy develop discrepancy

Question 46

steps to MI

Answer 46

engage: establish rapport, comfort, and safety focus: find out what the client wants to get out of nutrition counseling evoke: figure out the client's why plan: define how you are going to achieve the goal

Question 47

formative evaluation

Answer 47

done throughout the education; identifies misconceptions, struggles, and learning gaps DURING the process

Question 48

summative evaluation

Answer 48

done at the END of the education to see if goals and objectives were accomplished