Nutrition & Malnutrition- EXAM 3 Flashcards
OVernutrition
Intake of nutrients exceeds that required for normal growth and metabolism
what factors can effect food choice
Taste, smell, habits, packaging, body image, health, cost, culture, emotion
Describe food desert
An area where its hard to find good food, affordable fresh fruit and grains
Sometimes “bad” areas have more junk food locations to eat whereas “good” areas of town have better quality, healthier options to shop at
Describe food security
Having sufficient resources and variety of foods
Describe food insecuirty
No consistent access to sufficient nutritious food
Describe undernutrition and the effects of it
Insufficient food intake, being hungry
Huge issue and 45% of child deaths
Children are most visible victims
Increased risk of infection, slower bone development, learning disabilities and failure to thrive
What is FTT
Due to inadequate intake
Weight decline and can be caused by AIDS, errors in metabolism, cleft palate, neurologic disease and reflux
FTT risk factors
Infants deprived of mothering
Caregivers with depression, substance abuse, mental retardation, psychosis
Children living in poverty
What education can be given to reduce FTT
Education regarding infant nutritional needs
Referrals to WIC, food pantries, state and federal assistance programs if food security is an issue
Assess the mothers knowledge on breast feeding
Home care visits to reduce incidence in FTT in kids
Clinical manifestations of FTT
Delayed development
Poor eye contact
Lack of stranger danger
Low BMI
Not reaching development milestones
Low activity level
Withdrawn
Clinical manifestations in adults for FTT
Muscle loss, growth failure, poor wound healing, physical and functional decline, Anorexia or bulimia
At risk people:
Ones with chronic illness, poor, hospitalized, alcohol abuse problems
Anorexia
Obsessive focus on weight and body mass
Extreme fear of gaining weight
Behaviors include purging food, vomitting, diuretic use, laxative abuse
Bulimia
Purging behavior-binge eating followed by self induced vomiting and use of diuretics and laxatives
Fasting, intense exercise and restrictive dieting
How do we prevent FTT
Identifying patients at risk
Teaching on high calorie dense foods
Medication review of meds to reduce appetite
Decrease social isolation
Describe over nutrition
Due to increased intake of refined foods, animal protein and fats
Linked to obesity, diabetes, CV disease
