Nutrition (PATH)

Question 1

Lack of protein = so low serum albumin. “wet starvation”. See edema and ascites

Answer 1

Kwashioker

-note this one is mentally dull. Marasmus is not mentally dull

Question 2

If you have enough protein in your diet, you can make your own niacin from what amino acid

Answer 2

Tryptophan

• note a deficiency in niacin leads to pellagra
• in kwashiorkor you see flaking rash similar to pellagra

Question 3

Flag sign? what is it? and when do we see it

Answer 3

Kwashioker: w/out tyrosine to make melanin, the cannot pigment

Question 4

“monkey faces”. extreme emaciation. Starving in just general.

Answer 4

Marasumus (dry starvation)

Question 5

what infection of the gums do we see w/ malnutrition

Answer 5

noma

Question 6

**Marasmus or kwashiorkor. which one has a fatty liver and which has a normal liver

Answer 6

Fatty liver is kwashiorker

Question 7

what is strachen syndrome/cuban epidemic

Answer 7

pain, paresthesias, blind spots, blindness

• undernutrition plus tobacco plus something else
• clown card

Question 8

***what vitamin deficiency is more subtle to measles cause of squamous metaplasia of columnar epithelium in airway

Answer 8

vitamin A deficiency

Question 9

some people think what color vegetables are a good source for Vit A. but erf says bullshit

Answer 9

yellow veggies

Question 10

Bitot’s spots

Answer 10

Seen in vitamin A deficiency. Is extra keratin on the eye

Question 11

squamous metaplasia of the eye’s normal lubricant glands cause

Answer 11

xerophthalmia (dry eyes)

Question 12

keratomalacia? what causes it and what does it put u at risk for

Answer 12

keratin in the cornea. caused by Vit A deficiency. Trachoma (chlamydia) is a synergistic with keratomalacia

Question 13

what produces night blindness

Answer 13

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 14

Damn I am hungry for some polar bear liver? why shouldnt i eat it

Answer 14

Vitamin A toxicity

Question 15

Poverty. lack of sunlight/dark skin. Junk food diet. Amateur vegetarians can cause what

Answer 15

Vitamin D lacking

Question 16

cant get calicum in the bone. bones are soft. legs bow out

Answer 16

rickets

Question 17

***risk factor for severe TB

Answer 17

Vitamin D deficiency.

Question 18

Hurt all over. Think fibromayalgia. But what is it

Answer 18

vitamin D lacking

Question 19

Harrison’s sulcus and rachitic rosary

Answer 19

rickets

Question 20

Frayed costochondral junctions?

Answer 20

Seen in either rickets or scurvy. Rickets cant mineralize the bone matrix. Scurvy cant make the matrix

Question 21

Vitamin D overdose is seen in what kind of patients

Answer 21

kidney stone patients

Question 22

what kind anemia do we see vitamin E deficiency. patients also have fat malabsorption

Answer 22

hemolytic anemia

Question 23

Preemies. Especially “only milk” babies. fat malabsorption. Liver failure. Coumadin

Answer 23

Vitamin K deficiency

Question 24

***what vitamin if lacking can cause brain hemorrhage in babies

Answer 24

Vitamin K deficiency

Question 25

limited diets. hunger strikers. "too sick to eat well"

Answer 25

``` Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency -note we can store thiamine up to 42 days ```

Question 26

wet or dry beri-beri caues cardiomyopathy (dilated)

Answer 26

wet beri- beri

Question 27

peripheral neuropathy. NUMB FINGERS and toes.

Answer 27

dry beri-beri

Question 28

what is assoicated with transketolase (the pentose phosphate shunt enzyme)

Answer 28

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Question 29

****If somone comes in that is thiamine-deficient. you can precipitate Wernicke's korskoff by injecting them with what

Answer 29

glucose

Question 30

Monotonous grain-based diets (maize,sorghum/millet, hominy). ETOH. carcinoid tumors (bc use up tryptophan)

Answer 30

Vitamin B3 (niacin). deficiency produces pellagra

Question 31

The 4 D's

Answer 31

Pellagra: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death

Question 32

If patient is taking phenytoin. Or is suffering from tropical sprue. this deficient cant mess them up

Answer 32

Folic acid (vitamin B9)

Question 33

shuttles methyl groups. think neural tube defects and megoblastic anemia

Answer 33

B9 folic acid

Question 34

what screen can be used for folate and B12 deficiency

Answer 34

methylmalonic acid levels | -predicts this is the future in screening

Question 35

what some ways that not being able to absorb B12, making u deficient

Answer 35

pernicious anemai, too little saliva (sjgorans), other stomach dzs, too little pancreatic juice, fish tapeworm, disease of distal ileum (chorns)

Question 36

Biotinidase deficiency is a cause of severe eye, ear, and brain damage. how

Answer 36

Eating raw eggs. Just think of rocky getting fucked up by apollo in rocky I

Question 37

Long sea voyages

Answer 37

scurvy | -is extremely painful

Question 38

what is the oxidizer needed to maintain cartilage

Answer 38

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Question 39

Petechiae around hair follicles; corkscrew hairs

Answer 39

Scurvy rash

Question 40

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia. People are really pale

Answer 40

iron deficiency | -will see koilonychia (spoon nails)

Question 41

**acrodermatitis enteropathica: dermatitis around the mouth and anus and on the extremities, w/ thinning of the hair and diarrhea

Answer 41

Seen in zinc deficiecncy.

Question 42

Most painful. Copper not used properly. Cannot weave keratin or collagen. Die of scurvy like disease

Answer 42

Menke's kinky hair dz

Question 43

zinc shairs a receptor with what

Answer 43

Copper (Cu)

Question 44

Mutilates growing bones and joints. Heart problems (white muscle dz?). maybe coxsackie related

Answer 44

Selenium deficiency (kashin-beck)

Question 45

lack of seafood

Answer 45

no iodine

Question 46

how do we avoid magnesium deficiecny

Answer 46

eat green foods

Question 47

An income less than three times the cost of a varied, healthy diet

Answer 47

poverty

Question 48

an income insufficient to have enough food to work at your best capacity

Answer 48

absolute poverty

Question 49

who is Mwanawasa

Answer 49

planned famine: Zambia 2002 | -looks like some grandpa you would see at arthur bryants