Nutrition Review: Therapeutic Nutrition

Question 1

Why is nutrition important? (4)

Answer 1

1. Prolongs & improves quality of life for pet
2. Increases client satisfaction
3. Tech is integral to nutrition education of client
4. Tech is integral to nursing care of pet

Question 2

Functions of nutrition (4)

Answer 2

1. Body development & maintenance
2. Energy provision
3. Disease prevention
4. Disease recovery

Question 3

Define each type of nutrition:
1. Essential
2. Conditionally essential
3. Non-essential

Answer 3

1. “Indispensable”
   - The body cannot synthesize these
2. “Required”
   - During certain physiologic or pathologic conditions.
3. “Dispensable”
   - The body can synthesize

Question 4

Define:
Digestibility / Bioavailability

Answer 4

Relevant ease that a nutrient can be extracted from food and utilized by the body

Question 5

Malnutrition
1. What is it?
2. What does it cause? (3)

Answer 5

1. Inadequate or unbalanced intake of nutrients, which may cause illness or death.
2. Causes:
   - Weight loss due to insufficient calories.
   - Abnormalities of skin, immune system, or organ function due to insufficient vitamins.
   - Excess of both can lead to toxicity or obesity!

Question 6

What are the six basic nutrients?

Answer 6

1. Water
2. Vitamins
3. Minerals
4. Proteins
5. Fat
6. Carbs

Question 7

Carbs
1. Structure (3)
2. Functions (4)
3. Requirement in feline & K9 diet

Answer 7

1. Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
2. Functions
   - Energy source
   - Provides form
   - Increases food vol
   - Reduces cost
3. Species requirements
   - K9: conditionally
   - Feline: None

Question 8

Carbs
1. Soluble (2)
2. Insoluble (6)

Answer 8

1. Soluble
   - Sugars
   - Starches
2. Insoluble
   - Pectin
   - Lignin
   - Cellulose
   - Mucilage
   - Gum
   - Guar gum

Question 9

Protein Function (2)

Answer 9

1. Energy source, Building blocks
   - Hormones
   - Enzymes
   - Cell components
   - Antibodies

Question 10

Essential amino acids in proteins (11)

Answer 10

1. Threonine
2. Arginine
3. Tryptophan
4. Isoleucine
5. Valine
6. Lysine
7. Phenylalanine
8. Histidine
9. Leucine
10. Methionine
11. Taurine (cats)

Question 11

T/F: Poly- & Unsaturated fats have double bonds unlike saturate fats

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Fat Functions (2)

Answer 12

1. Essential fatty acids
   - Linoleic
   - a-Linoleic
   - Arachidonic (feline req)
2. Immune modulation

Question 13

Fatty acids
Each helps with what?
1. DHA
2. EPA

Answer 13

1. Brain development
2. Anti-inflammatory

Question 14

Vitamins
1. Water soluble (2)
2. Fat soluble (4)

Answer 14

1. B & C
2. A D E K

Question 15

Minerals
1. What are they?
2. Macrominerals
3. Microminerals

Answer 15

1. Inorganic substances essential to health
   - Do not provide energy
   - Important as components of proteins or chemical reactions.
2. Measured in % of diet
   - Salt, K+, Phosphorus, Mg, Ca+, & Sulfur
3. Trace minerals measured in ppm
   - Manganese, Selenium, iodine, Chromium

Question 16

Feeding Goals (3)

Answer 16

1. Meet energy requirements to maintain ideal weight
2. Meet protein & vitamin/mineral needs of an animal to maintain health and ideal BCS
3. Avoid excessive nutrients that may cause illness or unneeded expense

Question 17

What is a kcal?

Answer 17

1 kcal = 1000 calories = 1 Calorie