Nutritoin Flashcards
(30 cards)
Nutrition-definition
is the study of foods, their components, and how the body processes and utilizes them
Simple Carbs
sugars ,consist of either a single sugar unit or two sugar units combined.
Complex Carbs
starch and fiber, pasta, potatoes, bread, grains, and legume
Fiber
Fiber—like starch—is made of long chains of glucose. Unlike starch, these chains do not break down during digestion. As a result, fiber is not digested
soluble
fiber absorbs large amounts of liquid during diges- tion. Oats, fruits, vegetables, and legumes are
Insoluble
fiber, which is not soluble in water, absorbs far less liquid during digestion. Good sources of insol- uble fiber include whole grains and the struc- tural parts of various fruits and vegetables.
Glucose
is the body’s preferred source of energy
Insulin
s a chemical messenger produced by the body. It is needed for glucose metabolism.
Saturated fats
contain only single bonds. Dietary sources high ,fatty meats, poultry skin, eggs, and dairy products.
Nutrients needed to-build/repair cells
A, C, D, E, K, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B12
Complete Fats
contain all nine indis- pensable amino acids in the correct propor- tions needed to support life
Incomplete Fats
they are missing one or more of the indispensable amino acid
Digestion
the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.
RDA
Recommended Dietary Allowance
All types of vegetarians
-Vegans- eat no food from animal sources and limit their diets to plant-based foods only. *
-Lacto-vegetarians eat milk, cheese, and other dairy products, but do not eat meat, fish, poultry, or eggs.
Ovo-vegetarians do not eat meat, poultry, or dairy products, but will eat eggs. *
Lacto-ovo vegetarians eat dairy products and eggs, but do not consume meat, fish, or poultry. —-Pescetarians consume vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, and fish or seafood, but exclude animal and poultry products.
diabetes
If the body does not produce enough insulin, high levels of undigested glucose result.
-Eating to much sugar
cardiovascular disease
general term that describes a disease of the heart or blood vessels
-Poor diet
osteoporosis
develops when more bone is broken down than replaced
- a diet low in calcium and vitamin D
Hormones
chemicals that coordinate different functions in your body by carrying messages through your blood to your organs, skin, muscles and other tissues.
Cholesterol
is a white, pasty, fat-like substance found in the bloodstream and cells that is essential for many of the body’s func- tions
Calories
Unitys of energy
Phytochemicals
compounds to help plants protect themselves from insects, disease, and extreme temperature
Water soluble
Vitamins that dissovle in water
Fat soluble
vitamins are ingested when various fats are eate
