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Flashcards in OB/Gyn Deck (24)
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1
Q

vulvar lesions that resolve with addition of trichloroacetic acid are likely due to…

A

HPV genital warts (condyloma acuminata)

2
Q

how do you manage a molar pregnancy

A

evacuate the uterus (D&C), CXR, give MTX or dactinomycin for malignant disease

3
Q

low-level homogenous internal echos in a cystic mass of a patient with dyspareunia, infertility and regular cycles is likely

A

endometriosis; don’t be fooled by the regular cycles, low-level homogenous internal echos on US suggest endometrioma

4
Q

what is the best way to prevent transmission of genital herpes

A

CONSISTENT condom use (even when lesions are not present)

5
Q

how do epidurals sometimes cause maternal hypotension

A

blocking of sympathetic nerve fibers leads to peripheral vasodilation, which decreases venous return

6
Q

a patient with persistent cough productive of scant blood following a URI, with normal CXR should be treated with what

A

supportive care; post-URI bronchitis is self-limited and not dangerous, no further workup needed

7
Q

when is fetal fibronectin used

A

to determine if a woman is going into preterm labor when the presentation is equivocal

8
Q

when is progesterone used in a pregnant woman

A

to prophylax against preterm labor in a woman with a history of preterm labor; given at 16-36 weeks

9
Q

when are non-stress tests normally initiated

A

32-34 weeks; unless there is a decrease in fetal movement to indicate earlier screening

10
Q

what complications are commonly seen in babies who are small for gestational age

A

hypoxia (and resultant polycythemia), hypothermia, hypoglycemia, meconium aspiration (due to stress), hypocalcemia

11
Q

list all the different screening methods for aneuploidy with their associated gestational age ranges

A
1st trimester combined test (PAPP, b-hCG, nuchal translucency): 9-13 weeks
2nd trimester quad: 15-20 weeks
CVS: 10-13 weeks
amniocentesis: 15-20 weeks
2nd trimester US: 18-20 weeks
cell free DNA: after 10 weeks
12
Q

define arrest of labor in the first stage

A

cervix 6cm or more, ruptured membranes and either:
-4 or more hours without change and adequate CTXs
or
-6 or more hours without change and inadequate CTXs

13
Q

what is tachysystole

A

abnormal irregular and frequent contractions that can impair bloodflow and hurt the baby (beware of putting mothers on oxytocin who already have adequate contractions for this reason)

14
Q

retraction of fetal station is alarming for

A

uterine rupture

15
Q

up until what point can you do a medical abortion rather than D&C

A

until 7 weeks

16
Q

at 10 weeks, all mothers at increased risk for aneuploidy (age, FHx) should be offered

A

cell free DNA testing (abnormal results can be confirmed via more invasive tests such as CVS or amnio)

17
Q

OCP’s lower your risk of what cancers

A

endometrial and ovarian cancer

18
Q

a woman with low-grade fever, vaginal bleeding, and chills and mild leukocytosis several hours after giving birth should be treated with what

A

reassurance: chills, low-grade fever, lochia rubra (bloody lochia), and mild leukocytosis is normal in post-partum period

19
Q

babies born to anorexic mothers are at risk for what complications?

A

prematurity, SGA, intellectual disability

20
Q

what is the first line of therapy for PCOS

A

weight loss to decrease insulin resistance and OCP’s for anti-androgenic therapy

21
Q

what are the medical options for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding in the acute setting in a hemodynamically stable patient

A

high dose estrogen, high dose combination estrogen-progesterone, high dose progesterone, tranexamic acid (anti-fibrinolytic used in patients who can’t take hormones)

22
Q

what impact does endometriosis have on fertility

A

endometriosis increases risk of infertility via adhesions and inflammation of the ovaries

23
Q

what is the treatment for endometritis

A

clindamycin and gentamicin

24
Q

define preeclampsia

A

gestational HTN (BP >140/90 after 20 weeks) + proteinuria OR end-organ damage (creatinine, bilirubin, etc.)