Obesity

Question 1

Overweight BMI

Answer 1

BMI 25-29.9

Question 2

Morbidly Obese BMI

Answer 2

> 40

Question 3

Underweight BMI

Question 4

Normal BMI

Answer 4

18.5 - 24.9

Question 5

Etiology of Obesity

Answer 5

Storage of excess body fat due to imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure over an extending period of time

Question 6

Obesity influenced by…

Answer 6

Genes (some don’t sense being full as easily as others)

Metabolic/physical

Behavioral/social/cultural

Environmental

Question 7

Adverse Health Consequences of Overweight and Obese Adults

Answer 7

HTN
Dyslipidemia
Type 2 diabetes
CAD
CHF
Stroke
Gallbladder disease
OA
Sleep apnea and respiratory problems
Some cancers (endometrial, breast, prostate, colon)
Depression

Question 8

Cardiac workload

Answer 8

Greater for obese individuals at any given level of activity

Question 9

Metabolic syndrome

Primary risk factors

Answer 9

Central (abdominal) obesity

Insulin resistance

Waist circumference has a stronger correlation to health risks associated with metabolic syndrome than either BMI or percent body fat

Question 10

MS

Presence of 3 or more of the following

Answer 10

Elevated waist circumference

Elevated triglycerides

Reduced HDL

Elevated BP

Elevated fasting glucose

Question 11

Elevated waist circumference

Answer 11

Men > 40

Women > 35

Question 12

Elevated triglycerides

Answer 12

Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL

Question 13

Reduced HDL

Answer 13

Men

Question 14

Elevated BP

Answer 14

Equal to or greater than 130/85

OR

Use of medication for HTN

Question 15

Elevated fasting glucose

Answer 15

Equal to or greater than 100

OR

Use of medication for hyperglycemia

Question 16

Bio electrical impedance

Answer 16

You can’t be lying down for more than 2-5 min

If you drink a lot of water, it will mix up the results

Question 17

Interventions for Obesity

Answer 17

Nutrition
PA/exercise
Behavior modification/lifestyle change
Medication
Surgery

Question 18

Weight loss goals

Answer 18

Modest target weight loss of 10% body weight

Rate of 1 to 2 lbs per week

Question 19

Benefits of PA

Answer 19

Help control weight

Lower BP

Raise HDL

Reduce diabetes risk

Improves self-esteem

Question 20

Recommendations for PA

Answer 20

Children and adolescents should do 60 min or more of PA each day

Question 21

Adults Need at Least…

Answer 21

2 hours and 30 min of mod-int aerobic activity every week

2 or more days a week or strengthening all major mm groups

OR

1 hour 15 min of vigorous-int aerobic activity every week

2 or more days a week of strengthening all major mm groups

OR

Equivalent mix of mod- and vig-int aerobic activity and mm-strengthening activities on 2+ days a week that work all major mm groups

Question 22

Mode recommendations

Answer 22

Aerobic
Strengthening/resistance exercise
Flexibility exercise
Balance exercise

Question 23

Intensity recommendations

Answer 23

Start low intensity and gradually increase to moderate intensity

Gradually increase duration and frequency

Question 24

Most successful exercise program

Answer 24

Moderate intensity

Long duration

Performed frequently

Interesting/fun

Question 25

Childhood obesity

Answer 25

Excess weight is the most common health problem facing children

Question 26

BMI in Children and Adolescents

Answer 26

Age and sex specific 95th percentile and above considered obese

Question 27

Every hour of TV associated with

Answer 27

2% increased risk in obesity

Question 28

Percentage obese at age 6

Answer 28

50% into adulthood

Question 29

Percentage obese at age 10

Answer 29

80% into adulthood

Question 30

Causes of childhood obesity

Answer 30

Energy intake > energy expenditure Endocrine Hormonal Genetic

Question 31

Conditions associated with overweight/obesity in children

Answer 31

Prader-Willi Syndrome Blount's disease Slipped Capitol Femoral Ephiphysis

Question 32

Obese children more likely to have...

Answer 32

High BP High cholesterol Increased risk of glucose intolerance Breathing problems, such as apnea and asthma Joint problems MSK discomfort Greater risk of social and psychological problems

Question 33

Nutritional interventions Childhood obesity

Answer 33

Education Changes in advertising Healthy school lunches Adequate varied health food choices

Question 34

Exercise recommendations Childhood Obesity

Answer 34

Increased rec activities Organized sports Adequate PE in school Decreased sedentary screen time

Question 35

Good Exercises for Child 8 and Younger

Answer 35

Take child to park or zoo Play ball in the backyard Walk dog with child Try to take child walking before dinner Encourage your child to take part in sports they like Marching in place, prancing, jumping rope, jumping jacks, skipping, running backwards, jumping on a mini trampoline Walking, skipping, cycling, using a scooter, running Kicking, throwing, hitting Playground Gymnastics, dancing, calisthenics, martial arts at non-competitive level

Question 36

Exercises for Older Children and Teenagers

Answer 36

Competition by 9 or 10 Running Push-ups Abdominal curls Step ups Strength training using 1-10 lb weights Teens - vigorous aerobics, NO POWER LIFTING

Question 37

Parent Encouragement to Obese Child

Answer 37

Stairs instead of elevators Play active games at recess or after school Walk while talking to a friend instead of sitting Dance during lunch break Join a school team Go to a camp Join a youth organization

Question 38

Obese BMI

Answer 38

BMI > 30