Observational Techniques Flashcards
Observational techniques
Controlled observation Naturalistic observation Covert observation Overt observation Participant observation Nonparticipant observation
Controlled observation
An observation that takes place in control environment such as a lab
Advantages advantages of controlled observation
High levels of control is to establish cause and affect relationships
Disadvantages of controlled observation
Is an artificial environment so you may not get natural behaviour
Naturalistic observation
And observation that takes place in people’s natural environment without control over variables
Advantages of naturalistic observation
You get a high degree of natural behaviour
Disadvantages of naturalistic observation
It’s difficult to establish cause and effect relationships
Covert observation
And observation that takes place without the knowledge/Awareness of the participants
Advantages of covert observation
More valid results from participants because natural behaviour as being observed
Disadvantages of covert observation
Lack of consent means there could be some ethical issues
Overt observation
And observation that takes place with full knowledge and awareness of the participants
Advantages of overt observation
Ethically sound
Disadvantages of overt observation
Participants may not behave naturally as they are aware they are being observed
Participant observation
Data is gathered by the psychologist whilst being part of the observed group or situation
Advantages of participant observation
Greater insight into behaviour
