Obstetrics and Neonatal Care

Question 1

What are the 3 stages of Labor?

Answer 1

Dilation, Expulsion, Placental Stage

Question 2

name the Imminent signs of childbirth

Answer 2

• Perinrum is bulging
• Crowning is present
• contractions 2-3 min apart
• mother had urge to push

Question 3

Name the numonic

PPEBBLE

Answer 3

• Prava/Gravida
• Pre-natal care
• Exp. Due date/LMP
• Bag of water
• Bowel movement
• Last time the baby moved
• Expected complications

Question 4

Name the numonic

APGAR

Answer 4

• Apperance
• Pulse
• Grimace
• Activity
• Respirations

Question 5

What does Pre-Natal care consist of?

Question 6

Define

Para

Answer 6

number of live biths

Question 7

Define

Gravida

Answer 7

number of pregnancy

Question 8

How long does it take for the placenta to come out?

Answer 8

Bout 30 min

Question 9

Name some pregnancy complications

Question 10

How do I assess contractions?

Answer 10

• Frequency
• Duration
• Intensity

Question 11

Define

abruptio placentae

Answer 11

Premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus.

Question 12

Define

bloody show

Answer 12

A small amount of blood in the vagina that appears at the beginning of labor and may include a plug of pink-tinged mucus that is discharged when the cervix begins to dilate

Question 13

Define

crowning

Answer 13

The appearance of the fetus’s head at the vaginal opening during labor.

Question 14

Define

eclampsia

Answer 14

A pregnancy complication that is characterized by newonset
hypertension (systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg) with seizure activity and preceding systemic effects, such as blurred vision, headache, or protein in the urine. It is differentiated from preeclampsia by the presence of seizure activity

Question 15

Define

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 15

A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube.

Question 16

Define

fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 16

A condition caused by the consumption of alcohol by a pregnant woman; characterized by growth and physical problems, mental retardation, and a variety of congenital abnormalities in her child.

Question 17

Define

fundus

Answer 17

The dome-shaped top of the uterus.

Question 18

Define

gestational diabetes

Answer 18

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who did not have diabetes before pregnancy

Question 19

Define

gestational hypertension

Answer 19

A blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic in a pregnant female in whom hypertension has not previously been diagnosed

Question 20

Define

meconium

Answer 20

Fetal stool. When appearing as a dark green material in the amniotic fluid, it can indicate distress or disease in the newborn; it can be aspirated into the fetus’s lungs during delivery

Question 21

Define

menopause

Answer 21

The cessation of menstruation, typically in the fourth or fifth decade of life.

Question 22

Define

miscarriage

Answer 22

The spontaneous passage of the fetus and placenta before 20 weeks; also called spontaneous abortion

Question 23

Define

nuchal cord

Answer 23

An umbilical cord that is wrapped around the fetus’s neck.

Question 24

Define

perineum

Answer 24

The area of the skin between the vagina and the anus

Question 25

# Define placenta

Answer 25

The tissue attached to the uterine wall that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord

Question 26

# Define placenta previa

Answer 26

A condition in which the placenta develops over and covers the cervix.

Question 27

# Define preeclampsia

Answer 27

A pregnancy complication that is characterized by new-onset hypertension (systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg) along with systemic effects, such as blurred vision, headache, or protein in the urine. Differentiated from eclampsia by the lack of seizure activity

Question 28

# Define spina bifida

Answer 28

A developmental defect in which a portion of the spinal cord or meninges may protrude outside of the vertebrae and possibly even outside of the body, usually at the lower third of the spine in the lumbar area.

Question 29

# Define supine hypotensive syndrome

Answer 29

Low blood pressure resulting from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight of the pregnant uterus when the woman is supine.

Question 30

# Define vernix caseosa

Answer 30

A white, cheesy substance that covers the body of the fetus.

Question 31

Where does the developing fetus reside inside the uterus?

Answer 31

Within the amniotic sac

Question 32

What propels the fetus through the birth canal?

Answer 32

Contractions of the uterus.

Question 33

How much can a pregnant woman's blood volume increase?

Answer 33

By as much as 50%.

Question 34

How much can a pregnant woman's heart rate increase?

Answer 34

By 20%.

Question 35

How do increased hormone levels affect the musculoskeletal system during pregnancy?

Answer 35

Make the joints looser or less stable.

Question 36

What are some complications of pregnancy mentioned?

Answer 36

Hypertensive disorders, bleeding, and diabetes.

Question 37

During a trauma call involving a pregnant woman, how many patients should you consider?

Answer 37

Two patients: the woman and the unborn fetus.

Question 38

What is the first stage of labor?

Answer 38

Dilation (begins with contractions, ends with full cervical dilation).

Question 39

What is the second stage of labor?

Answer 39

Expulsion of the fetus (begins when cervix is fully dilated and fetus enters birth canal, ends with delivery).

Question 40

What is the third stage of labor?

Answer 40

Delivery of the placenta (begins with newborn delivery, ends with placental delivery).

Question 41

Once labor begins, can it be stopped or slowed?

Answer 41

No

Question 42

When is there usually time to transport the patient during labor?

Answer 42

During the first stage (dilation).

Question 43

What is important to do to the infant immediately after birth?

Answer 43

Warm, dry, and stimulate the infant.

Question 44

What are examples of abnormal or complicated deliveries mentioned?

Answer 44

Breech presentation, limb presentation, and prolapsed umbilical cord.

Question 45

What is a breech delivery?

Answer 45

Buttocks-first delivery.

Question 46

For what complicated deliveries should you quickly transport the patient?

Answer 46

Limb presentation or prolapsed umbilical cord.

Question 47

What are the only two reasons to place a finger/hand into the vagina during delivery?

Answer 47

To keep vaginal walls from compressing the fetus's airway during a breech presentation, OR to push the fetus's head away from the cord during a prolapsed cord.

Question 48

What three things should you assess a newborn for to determine if resuscitation is needed?

Answer 48

Term gestation, good muscle tone, and breathing/crying.

Question 49

When should an Apgar score be obtained?

Answer 49

1 minute to 5 minutes after birth.

Question 50

What is a serious emergency after delivery?

Answer 50

Excessive bleeding.

Question 51

What is the initial intervention for excessive bleeding after delivery?

Answer 51

Begin fundal massage.

Question 52

How should you manage vaginal bleeding after delivery?

Answer 52

Cover the vagina with a sterile pad, change as often as necessary, and take all used pads to the hospital.

Question 53

When does the third stage of labor (delivery of the placenta) usually occur after the newborn is delivered?

Answer 53

Usually within 30 minutes.