Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Urinary-Tract Disorders Flashcards
Oral combination pill contraceptives
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Desogestrel and ethinyl-estradiol
MoA:
Mimics ovulation, reduces LH and FSH
Indication:
Hormonal contraception,
PCOS
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Weight gain, depression, Deep vein thrombosis risk
Oral mini-pill contraceptives
Progestogen-only
(Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea)
Desogestrel,
Levonorgestrel (emergency)
MoA:
Mimics ovulation, reduces LH and FSH, endometrial changes
Indication:
Hormonal contraception
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Depression
Implants/ injectable contraceptives
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Etonogestrel (subcutaneous implant)
MoA:
Mimics ovulation, reduces LH and FSH
Indication:
Hormonal contraception
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Weight gain, depression
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Estradiol, Noresthisterone, Medroxyprogesterone
MoA:
Restores decreased hormone level and function
Indication:
Menopause
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Weight gain, depression
Induction of labour
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Dinoprostone
MoA:
Prostaglandin E2 – stimulates cervical ripening
Indication:
Delay in labour
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Augmentation Agents
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Oxytocin
MoA:
Stimulation of uterine contraction
Indication:
Delay in labour
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Nausea, arrhythmia
Antiprogestogen/Prostaglandin for medical termination
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Mifepristone with Misoprostol
MoA:
Steroidal antiprogestogen in combination with synthetic prostaglandin
Indication:
Termination of pregnancy
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
GI cramps, uterine contractions, vaginal bleeding
Antifibrinolytic for menorrhagia
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Tranexamic acid
MoA:
Inhibits fibrin clot breakdown by plasmin
Indication:
Menorrhagia
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Nausea
NSAID (for dysmenorrhoea)
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Mefenamic acid
MoA:
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Indication:
Dysmenorrhoea
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
GI Bleeding
Alpha-1 blocker
Drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; also altered voiding
Tamsulosin
MoA:
Smooth muscle relaxant acting on bladder neck
Indication:
BPH, urinary retention
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Dizziness
Hypotensive drugs
Urinary antispasmodic (Antimuscarinic)
Drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; also altered voiding
Oxybutynin
MoA:
Blockade of acetylcholine receptors leading to bladder smooth muscle relaxation
Indication:
Overactive bladder
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Dry mouth, tachycardia (preceded by transient bradycardia)
Beta-3-agonist
Drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; also altered voiding
Mirabegron
MoA:
Stimulation of Beta-3 adrenergic receptors, leading to detrusor smooth muscle relaxation
Indication:
Overactive bladder
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Bladder pain
Anti-androgens
Drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia; also altered voiding
Finasteride
MoA:
Inhibition of synthesis of dihydrotestosterone
Indication:
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Impotence
Essential Nutrient
Drugs acting on the reproductive system and for treating dysmenorrhoea
Magnesium (as magnesium sulphate)
MoA:
Unclear – possible modulation of Na+ and Ca2+ in blood flow and muscle contractility
Indication:
Reduce risk of fetal growth restriction and cerebral palsy
Adverse Effects/Interactions:
Impotence
