Occlusion

Question 1

What is the mandibular rest position?

Answer 1

the position of the jaws at rest where the teeth are separated y 3-8mm

Question 2

Why is the resting position to consider when making restorations?

Answer 2

the patient may hold their jaws in unnatural and uncomfortable conditions

Question 3

How is the mandibular rest position maintained?

Answer 3

the weight of the mandible is counteracted by the elasticity of the muscles and tissues

Question 4

What is the intercuspal position?

Answer 4

a tooth determined position where there is maximum contact of the cusps and marginal ridges of opposing arches

Question 5

What are some functions of mastication and the chew cycle?

Answer 5

facilitating swallowing of foods, first stage of digestion, decreases the size of food particles, stimulates secretion of digestive juices, eases passage of food through the GI tract

Question 6

What tissues are involved in mastication and the chew cycle?

Answer 6

muscles of mastication, tongue, lips and cheeks, salivary glands

Question 7

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 7

masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid

Question 8

Which muscles mostly help to close the jaw?

Answer 8

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

Question 9

How does the jaw open?

Answer 9

gravity and the help of the lateral pterygoid

Question 10

What type of joint is the TMJ and where is it?

Answer 10

a synovial joint in the glenoid fossa

Question 11

Which muscles facilitate protrusion of the mandible?

Answer 11

lateral pterygoid assisted by medial pterygoid

Question 12

Which muscles facilitate retraction of the mandible?

Answer 12

temporalis, masseter, geniohyoid, digastric

Question 13

Which muscles facilitate elevation of the mandible?

Answer 13

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

Question 14

Which muscles facilitate depression of the mandible?

Answer 14

digastric, geniohydoid, mylohyoid, lateral pterygoid

Question 15

Which part of mastication is classed as a voluntary movement?

Answer 15

the initial movement

Question 16

What are central pattern generators?

Answer 16

an underlying neuronal circuit that produces sterotyped, rhythmic, alternating bursts of activity such as breathing and chewing

Question 17

Where are chewing Central Pattern Generators located?

Answer 17

in the pons (brainstem)

Question 18

What senses can override the central pattern generators controlling chewing?

Answer 18

additional sensory inputs such as foul taste or if something unexpectedly hard is bitten or if a voluntary action occurs