Removable Prosthetics

Question 1

What are the components of a removable partial denture?

Answer 1

rests, direct retainers, major connectors, minor connectors, denture base connectors, denture base, teeth

Question 2

What are Rests?

Answer 2

rigid extensions of a partial denture that rest on the occlusal surface and transfer the biting load along the long axis of the tooth

Question 3

What is the function of rests?

Answer 3

provide support and stability and to control the position of teeth

Question 4

What are Direct Retainers?

Answer 4

Clasps - the component of a partial denture that prevents it moving

Question 5

What is the function of direct retainers?

Answer 5

provide retention and stability, control the position of the denture in relation to the teeth

Question 6

What is a major connector?

Answer 6

the big areas connecting two components of a denture together

Question 7

What is the function of a major connector?

Answer 7

Provide support to the teeth and arch and to stabilise the arch

Question 8

What are minor connectors?

Answer 8

Connects the small components (such as rest seats) to the larger components (such as major connectors)

Question 9

What is the function of a minor connector?

Answer 9

Provide stability and bracing

Question 10

What is a proximal plate?

Answer 10

A type of minor connector that prevents forward/backward movement of the denture via contacts with the abutment teeth

Question 11

What is the function of a proximal plate?

Answer 11

provides stability to counteract forward/backward movement and aid retention

Question 12

What is a denture base connector?

Answer 12

the part of the framework where the base of the denture is connected

Question 13

What is the function of the denture base connector?

Answer 13

to allow mechanical interlocking of the acrylic and metal components of the denture

Question 14

What is the denture base?

Answer 14

Where the replacement teeth are

Question 15

What are the components of clasp assembly?

Answer 15

Clasp/retentive element; Opposing Bracing arm; Rest Seat; Proximal Plate

Question 16

What is the function of the bracing arm in clasp assembly?

Answer 16

prevent the retentive arm from moving the teeth

Question 17

What is the function of a rest seat in clasp assembly?

Answer 17

ensures the clasp is in the correct position

Question 18

What are the steps involved in making a denture?

Answer 18

Case Assessment; Primary Imps; Articulation; Surveying; Denture Designing; Mouth prep: Composite Addition, Rest Seat Prep, Guide Plans; Secondary Imps; Metal Try-in; Jaw Registration; Teeth Try-in; Fit of Denture

Question 19

Why should you articulate models?

Answer 19

to replicate the occlusion that is within the patient’s mouth so you can hold the models in the same way each time

Question 20

When is a tripod contact important?

Answer 20

if you have free end saddles

Question 21

Why is a tripod contact important with free-end saddles?

Answer 21

the spaces between the saddle and the opposing arch will not be correct if there is not a tripod contact

Question 22

How can you create a tripod contact with occlusion containing a free end saddle?

Answer 22

using a wax rim

Question 23

What is the purpose of surveying?

Answer 23

to assess the path of insertion/removal of the denture and to seek out undercuts where clasps could engage as well as determining potential guide planes

Question 24

In which order should you design a denture?

Answer 24

kennedy class (saddles), cradock class (support), retention, reciprocation, indirect retention, major connector

Question 25

Where do you need rest seats?

Answer 25

next to every saddle

Question 26

How many rest seats do you need if the saddle contains multiple teeth?

Answer 26

2, one each side

Question 27

Where do you want a clasp in regard to tooth contour?

Answer 27

below the height of tooth contour and above the gingival margin

Question 28

Does every clasp need a rest seat?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

Does every rest seat need a clasp?

Answer 29

no

Question 30

What are two types of clasp?

Answer 30

gingivally approaching and occlusally approaching

Question 31

On which teeth would you use a gingivally approaching clasp?

Answer 31

canines and premolars

Question 32

On which teeth would you use an occlusally approaching clasp?

Answer 32

molars

Question 33

In which direction must you design gingivally approaching clasps?

Answer 33

distal to mesial

Question 34

Does retention or reciprocation go under the height of contour/survey line?

Answer 34

retention

Question 35

Does reciprocation or retention go above the height of contour/survey line?

Answer 35

Reciprocation

Question 36

What are the maxillary major connectors?

Answer 36

anterior-posterior palatal bar, palatal strap, horse-shoe connector, palatal plate, anterior-posterior palatal strap

Question 37

What are the mandibular major connectors?

Answer 37

lingual bar, sublingual bar, lingual plate, kennedy bar

Question 38

Which teeth in the arches are least ideal to derive support from?

Answer 38

lower centrals and upper laterals

Question 39

Where should the rest be positioned on the most distal tooth next to a free end saddle?

Answer 39

mesially

Question 40

What is the exception to positioning a rest next to a free end saddle mesially?

Answer 40

if the tooth is mesially inclined

Question 41

What should the functional sulcus depth be for a lingual bar to be positioned?

Answer 41

at least 8mm

Question 42

What type of major connector should be used for free-end saddles in the maxilla?

Answer 42

palatal plate

Question 43

When must you complete the RPD Design?

Answer 43

before taking secondary impressions

Question 44

What are the two rules to follow to ensure preservation of the remaining dentition is achieved?

Answer 44

derive maximum support from the underlying anatomy of teeth and alveolar bone, cover as little gingival tissue as possible

Question 45

Why is occlusal loading bad?

Answer 45

it will drive the denture base towards the tissues and if there is inadequate support you will damage the tissues around the remaining teeth

Question 46

What is occlusal loading?

Answer 46

the amount of force sent through the teeth upon biting

Question 47

do you have to replace everything that is missing?

Answer 47

no

Question 48

Which teeth do you never replace?

Answer 48

8's

Question 49

Which teeth do you not replace unless necessary?

Answer 49

7's

Question 50

Why do you try to reduce the amount of weight on the saddles?

Answer 50

anything on the saddles will subject tissues to occlusal loading, too much of this causes damage to tissues

Question 51

Where is support derived from?

Answer 51

the remaining teeth and the underlying bone

Question 52

What can you do if there is only a small amount of potential support available?

Answer 52

consider reducing the load

Question 53

What are three factors to consider when planning tooth support?

Answer 53

is the load going to be transmitted through the long axis of the tooth, is there sufficient occlusal clearance for the planned support, is tooth preparation required

Question 54

If you have inclined teeth where you want to place support, what should you do?

Answer 54

ensure the load is derived from the occlusal surface through the long axis

Question 55

Where should the load be applied for a mesially inclined molar?

Answer 55

distally

Question 56

What does direct retention prevent?

Answer 56

displacement of the denture away from tissues by the action of gravity and sticky foods

Question 57

What are retentive factors?

Answer 57

things that will keep a denture in place

Question 58

Give three examples of retentive factors

Answer 58

contact points, soft tissue engagement of alveolar undercuts, the displacing forces

Question 59

How can contact points act as a retentive factor?

Answer 59

they give frictional resistance against displacement away from tissues

Question 60

What is reciprocation?

Answer 60

the resistance to lateral displacement on clasped teeth

Question 61

When are clasps active?

Answer 61

when inserting a denture, removing a denture, when the denture moves such as when eating

Question 62

What is the purpose of major and minor connectors?

Answer 62

provide maximum support, minimal ginigval coverage, provide indirect retention

Question 63

Why is the lower kennedy class 1 partial denture the least worn -/P?

Answer 63

difficult to wear as it is difficult to get sufficient retention

Question 64

Are lower canines a good place to derived support? why?

Answer 64

no, they have a very steep lingual cingulum meaning the load wouldn't go through the long axis

Question 65

which is the mandibular major connector of last resort? why?

Answer 65

lingual plate as it covers the gingiva

Question 66

List three determinants of occlusion

Answer 66

right and left TMJ, neuromuscular system, teeth and prostheses

Question 67

Name the two types of occlusion

Answer 67

static and dynamic

Question 68

What are the three aspects of static occlusion

Answer 68

centric occlusion, centric relation, retruded contact position

Question 69

State 2 other names for centric occlusion of static occlusion

Answer 69

intercuspal position (ICP), maximum intercuspation

Question 70

what is centric occlusion?

Answer 70

the position of the mandible when maximal teeth are in position

Question 71

Describe the state of the muscles of mastication when a person is in centric occlusion

Answer 71

muscles are in a state of stress

Question 72

state how long an average person holds centric occlusion for per day

Answer 72

17 mins

Question 73

state 3 other names for centric relation of static occlusion

Answer 73

terminal hinge axis (THA), terminal hinge, retruded axis position (RAP)

Question 74

what is centric relation?

Answer 74

the maxillo-mandibular relation when muscles are relaxed and condyles are anteror-superior

Question 75

is there any intercuspation in centric relation?

Answer 75

no, no teeth are in contact

Question 76

List a benefit of using centric relation to asses a patient's jaw relationship

Answer 76

will not change even when they have no teeth

Question 77

what is retruded contact position?

Answer 77

the first tooth contact in centric relation

Question 78

Describe what it means if all teeth contact at the same time when moving from centric relation to centric occlusion

Answer 78

if all teeth are in contact at the same time, the retruded contact position is equal to the intercuspal position

Question 79

Why is it important to ensure the saddles cover as much of the edentulous alveolus as possible?

Answer 79

so that the greatest area of bone resists the load applied upon biting