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5th yr- CMS2 > Odontomes and Odontogenic Tumours > Flashcards

Odontomes and Odontogenic Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Define tumour

A

A swelling or excessive growth

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2
Q

Define neoplasm

A

New growth of tissue occurring outside of normal homeostatic mechanism
May be histologically/cytologically immature or abnormal

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3
Q

Define hamartoma

A

A mass of disorganised tissue native to the anatomical location
Histological mature cells but arranged in a disorganised manner
It develops as we develop

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4
Q

Where can harmatomas form

A
  1. Lungs
  2. Liver
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5
Q

All cancers are what

A

Neoplasms (but not all neoplasms are cancers)

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6
Q

All harmatomas are what

A

Tumours (but not all tumours are harmatomas)

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7
Q

Define malignant

A

Disease process with potential for impairing quality of life and life expectancy
If untreated is likely to kill the patient

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8
Q

Define benign

A

Disease process with limited potential for impairing life expectancy
It is unlikely to kill the patient if untreated buy may persist and impair quality of life

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9
Q

If benign and malignant make up two opposite ends of a spectrum what category may we find in the middle

A

Locally invasive/ aggressive

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10
Q

Give an example of a locally invasive/ aggressive cancer

A

Basil cell carcinoma

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11
Q

What are odontomes

A

Abnormal growth of tooth forming tissues (harmatomas)

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12
Q

Give examples of odontomes

A
  1. Invaginated odontome
  2. Evaginated odontome
  3. Enamel pearl
  4. Complex odontome
  5. Compound odontome
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13
Q

How can invaginated odontomes present as

A

A deep cingulum pit
Dens in dentre

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14
Q

What is dens in dente

A

Invagination of a tooth to the point a new tooth forms from a previous tooth

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15
Q

How can evaginated odontomes present

A
  1. Extra enamel on tooth
  2. Talon cusps
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16
Q

In which teeth are invaginated and evaginated odontomes more common in

A

Anterior teeth
Maxilla more common than mandible

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17
Q

What causes the formation of an enamel pearl

A

Disruption of the enamel follicle leading to a small pearl of enamel forming

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18
Q

Where do compound and complex odontomes arise form

A

Tooth forming tissues

19
Q

What are compound odontomes

A

A mass of little teeth

20
Q

What are complex odontomes

A

Hermatomas of dental tissue that are much more disorganised and present as a disorganised mass

21
Q

When do odontomes occur

A

Can occur at any age but more common in teens

22
Q

What might odontomes be associated with

A

Failure to erupt or missing teeth

23
Q

How are odontomes treated

A

Removal

24
Q

How do odontomes present on a radiograph

A

As radiopacities

25
Q

What is na ameloblastoma

A

A tumour

26
Q

Describe amelobalstomas

A

Painless slow growing locally aggressive/invasive tumour

27
Q

Do ameloblastoma matastesitse

A

Very rarely but ameloblasts are likely to reoccur

28
Q

What is the origin of amelobalstomas

A

dental lamina

29
Q

How many people have an ameloblastomas

A

2 per million

30
Q

In whom are ameloblastomas most common

A

40-50 Years
10 time more common in black African people

31
Q

Where are ameloblastomas usually found

A

Mandible>maxilla
Posterior> antieror

32
Q

How do ameloblastomas present on a radiograph

A

As a multilocular radiolucency

33
Q

What can ameloblastomas cause

A

Significant expansion of bone
External resorption of teeth
Damage to teeth

34
Q

How do ameloblstomas present clinically

A

Slow growing painless expansile lesions
They may be an incidental finding

35
Q

List the different classifications of ameloblastomas

A
  1. Follicular
  2. Plexiform
  3. Unicystic
36
Q

How do we confirm a diagnosis of amelobalstoma

A

Biopsy

37
Q

How do we manage ameloblastomas

A
  1. Confirm diagnosis
  2. Assess extent with a radiograph
  3. Remove by local resection +/- reconstruction
38
Q

How do we remove a periodical cyst

A

Enucleation

39
Q

How do we remove a keratocyst

A

Enucleation/ curettage

40
Q

How do we remove an ameloblastoma

A

Local resection +/- reconstruction

41
Q

How do we remove an oral cancer

A

Wide excision, reconstruction, radiotherapy

42
Q

Rank ameloblastomas, oral cancer, periapcial cyst and keratocyst in most to least likely to reoccur

A
  1. Oral cancer (+++)
  2. Ameloblastoma (++)
  3. Keratocyst (+)
  4. Periapical cyst (-)
43
Q

L

A

5th yr- CMS2 (9 decks)

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