Oesophageal Cancer Flashcards
what is the most common type of oesophageal cancer?
adenocarcinoma
where are oesophgeal adenocarcinomas typically found?
near the gastroesophageal junction
where are oesophgeal squamous cell carcinomas typically found?
upper 2/3rds of the oesophagous
what is the most common type of oesophageal cancer in the developing world?
squamous cell carcinoma
what are the risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma?
- GORD
- barrett’s oesophagus
- smoking
- obesity
what are the risk factors for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
- smoking
- alcohol
- achalasia
- plummer-vinson syndrome
- diets rich in nitrosamines
what are the features of oesophageal cancer?
- progressive dysphagia
- anorexia and weight loss
- vomiting
- odynophagia
- hoarseness
- melaena
- cough
what is odynophagia?
pain on swallowing
how do patients develop hoarseness in oesophageal cancer?
laryngeal nerve damage
what investigation is used for diagnosis of oesophageal cancer?
upper GI endoscopy with biopsy
what are the preferred investigations used for staging oesophageal cancer?
- endoscopic US = locoregional staging
- CT CAP = metastasis
what is the management of oesophageal cancer?
operable disease = ivor-lewis type oesophagectomy
+
adjuvant chemotherapy
