Oesophagus And Gastric Cancer Flashcards
Stomach tumours (bening)?
Bening
Epithelial
- adenoma
Connective tissue
- leiomyoma
- fibroma
- neurofibroma
Vascular
- haemangioma
Stomach tumours (malignant)?
Primary
- adenocarcinoma
- Leiomyosarcoma
- lymphoma
- lymphosarcoma
Secondary
-adj tumours Px Cx
Risk factors for tumours?9
Atrophic gastritis H.pylori Previous gastric surgery Adenomatous polyps Blood group A Hypogammaglobulinaemia
Gastric cancer symptom (local)?
Dyspepsia Pain Vomiting Dysphasia Haemorrhage Perforation
Gastric cancer symptoms (secondary)?
Jaundice
Ascites
Gastric cancer symptoms (general)?
Anorexia
Weight loss
Anaemia
Most common symptoms?
- Weight loss
- Vomiting
- Anaemia
Staging instruments?
Examination Bloods cxr Ogd and biopsy Pft and echo Ct Endoluminal ultrasound Laparoscopy
Staging and treatment
T123 & n0 = surgery
T3 & n1 = surgery and chemo
T4 & any N = surgery and chemo and palliative
Any T and Nx M1 = palliative
Oesophageal tumour (benign)
Leiomyoma
Oesophageal tumours (malignant)
Primary
- adenocarcinoma
- squamous cell
- leiomyosarcoma
Secondary
-invasion into lungs
Factors for oesophageal cancer?
Excess alcohol Smoking Diet low in fruit and veg Ingestion exogenous carcinogens HPV infection
Predisposing risk factors for oesophageal cancer?
High
- tylosis A
- Plummer Vinson
Interned
- Gord
- barrett’s oes
- achalasia
- ectopic mucosa
- DXT
- SCC Hd & Neck
Low
- oes diverticula
- corrosive stric
- coeliac di
- scleroderma
Surgical approaches
Transthoracic
-Lewis Tanner = lap & Rt Thoracotomy
Transhiatal
-Orringer = lap & Lt cervical incision
Three stages
-McKeown = Rt Thoracotony lap lt cervical lx
Min invasive
= thoracoscopic laparoscopic Lt C lx
Oesophageal cancer treatment
T12 & no = surgery
T3 &no = pre op chemo and surgery
T3 N1 = per op chemo and surgery & definitive chemorediotherapy
T4 any N = definitive chemorediotherapy
