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ENARM RANDOM > Oftalmo > Flashcards

Oftalmo Flashcards

1
Q

Principal causa de disminución de agudeza visual

A

Defectos refractarios

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2
Q

Causa #1 de ceguera reversible

A

Catarata

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3
Q

Causa #1 de ceguera en <65años

A

Retinopatía diabética

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4
Q

Causa #1 de ceguera irreversible a cualquier edad

A

Glaucoma

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5
Q

Presión intraocular normal y como se mide

A

10-20 mmHg

Tonometro de aplanamiento (glaucoma)

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6
Q

Longitud axial normal del ojo y en ametropías

A

23 mm

Al nacer: 14 mm
Hipermetropía: 18 mm
Miopía: 28 mm

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7
Q

Miopía

A

Lentes divergentes o biconcavos o negativos

Focaliza adelante de la retina
Globo ocular mas largo

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8
Q

Hipermetropia

A

Focaliza detras de retina
Globo ocular mas corto
Lentes convergentes biconvexos esfericos o positivos

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9
Q

Astigmatismo

A

Curvatu cornea anormal
Lentes esferocilindros

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10
Q

Operacion lasik

A

Puede corregir hasta 5 dioptrías

Complicaciones ojo seco

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11
Q

Factor de riesgo mas frecuente para tener blefaritis

A

Acne rosasea

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12
Q

Higiene palpebral

A

Masajes en borde palpebral, retiro de costras con agua y shampoo de bebe, jabon hipoalergenico y HCO3 diluido en agua

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13
Q

Blefaritis anterior

A

Puede ser estafilococica o seborreica

Estafilococica: cilindros de fibrina a lo largo de la pestaña JOVENES

Seborreica : caspa y grasa en el margen del parpado ADULTO MAYOR

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14
Q

Blefaritis posterior

A

Afecta a los orificios de las glandulas de Meibomio por disfunción

Puede originar chalazion o conjuntiva con hiperemia

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15
Q

Tx blefaritis

A

Medidas de higiene 6 semanas

Ant: Sulfacetamida topica + hipotmelosa 0.5%

Post: Sulfacetamida con prednisona oftalmica + atb VO

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16
Q

Chalazion

A

Inflamación granulomatosa CRONICO de las glandulas de meibomio

Lesion tipo quistica

No doloroso de 2-8mm

17
Q

Tx chalazion

A

Medidas de higiene

Lesion <4mm triamcinolona topica
Lesion >6 mm incisión y curetaje

18
Q

Factores de riesgo para chalazion

A

Blefaritis cronica, rosasea, dermatitis seborreica, dm

19
Q

Orzuelo

A

Inflamacion aguda por S. Aureus

DOLOROSA, acompañado edema palpebral e hiperemia

20
Q

Tx orzuelo

A

Compresas calientes x 3-4 min 4 veces/día

Cloranfenicol o eritromicina (ungüento)

Drenaje si persiste la lesion o si son multiples Aines topicos o VO

ENARM RANDOM (11 decks)

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