omis ch1-4

Question 1

data about data, labels, give context

Answer 1

metadata

Question 2

Processes transaction data from terminal

Answer 2

Transaction processing system (TPS)

Question 3

Integrates all functional areas of the organization

Answer 3

Enterprise resource planning
(ERP)

Question 4

Supports the activities within specific functional area

Answer 4

Functional area IS

Question 5

Provides access to data and analysis tools

Answer 5

Decision support system

Question 6

Mimics human expert in a particular area and makes decisions

Answer 6

Expert system (ES)

Question 7

Present structured, summarized information about aspects of business important to executives

Answer 7

Dashboards

Question 8

Manages flows of products, services, and information among organizations

Answer 8

Supply chain management system

Question 9

Enables transactions among organizations and between organizations and customers

Answer 9

Electronic commerce system

Question 10

Information systems that connect two or more organizations

Answer 10

Interorganizational Information Systems (IOSs)

Question 11

lowest level of data measurement. Numbers representing nominal data can be used only to classify or categorize. (arithmetic operations don’t make sense)

Answer 11

Nominal

Question 12

ordinal-level measurement can be used to classify, categorize, rank or order objects, qualitative data, imprecise measurements, distance between ranks not always equal, arithmetic still doesn’t make sense but excellent > poor

Answer 12

Ordinal

Question 13

where the distances between consecutive numbers have meaning and the data are always numerical, quantitative, arithmetic operations can be performed, zero has a meaning (not an absence)

Answer 13

Interval

Question 14

Highest level of data measurement. Ratio data has the same properties as interval data, but ratio data have an absolute zero and the ratio of two numbers is meaningful, quantitative, defined zero point that means absence of characteristic being studied

Answer 14

Ratio

Question 15

require that data be interval or ratio

Answer 15

Parametric statistics

Question 16

data values are nominal or ordinal

Answer 16

Non-parametric statistics

Question 17

takes traditional data and describes what has happened or is happening in a business

Answer 17

Descriptive analytics

Question 18

finds relationships in the data that are not readily apparent with descriptive analytics

Answer 18

Predictive analytics

Question 19

follows descriptive and predictive analytics in an attempt to find the best course of action under certain circumstances

Answer 19

Prescriptive analytics

Question 20

process of collecting, exploring, and analyzing large volumes of data in an effort to uncover hidden patterns and/or relationships that can be used to enhance business decision-making

Answer 20

Data mining

Question 21

data quality, correctness and accuracy

Answer 21

Veracity

Question 22

-32,768 to 32,767, 16 bits

Answer 22

Short value

Question 23

-(2^63) to 2^63, 64 bits

Answer 23

Long value

Question 25

~ 7 decimal digits, 32 bits

Answer 25

Float

Question 26

~ 16 decimal digits, 64 bits

Answer 26

Double

Question 27

variable that can only hold positive values

Answer 27

Unsigned

Question 28

variable that can hold negative and positive values

Answer 28

Signed

Question 29

can only have 2 outcomes, T/F

Answer 29

Boolean

Question 30

stores any string of letters, numbers and symbols

Answer 30

Char

Question 31

systematic way of organizing & accessing data

Answer 31

Data structure

Question 32

sequence of characters, position of first character is 0

Answer 32

String

Question 33

an ordered collection of values with two main characteristics: Ordered and fixed length Homogenous: every value in the array must be of the same type

Answer 33

Array

Question 34

Individual values in array

Answer 34

Elements

Question 35

order in which function calls/instructions/statements are executed when a program is running

Answer 35

Control flow

Question 36

Each element’s relative position number, usually begins with 0

Answer 36

Index

Question 37

Sequential execution: statements executed one after another as they appear Conditional execution: if statements Repetition: loops, repeats set of statements multiple times Nested control structures: combining conditional statements and loops

Answer 37

Types of control flow

Question 38

LIFO, 3 basic stack commands, 3 basic stack commands, Push: insert a data item on the stack, Pop: Remove an item from the top of the stack, Peek: read the value of an item from the top of the stack without removing it

Answer 38

Stack

Question 39

FIFO, Enqueue: putting items in Dequeue: removing items from queue

Answer 39

Queue

Question 40

can be used to define connections, hierarchy, has nodes w/ parent child relationship

Answer 40

Trees

Question 41

node without parent

Answer 41

Root

Question 42

link between any two nodes

Answer 42

Edge

Question 43

node with at least one child

Answer 43

Internal node

Question 44

node without children

Answer 44

External node (leaf)

Question 45

parent, grandparent, great grandparent etc.

Answer 45

Ancestors of a node

Question 46

number of ancestors (number of edges from root to the node)

Answer 46

Depth of a node

Question 47

maximum depth of any node to leaf

Answer 47

Height of a tree

Question 48

child, grandchild, great grandchild etc.

Answer 48

Descendant of a node

Question 49

each internal node has at most two children, children of a node are an ordered pair

Answer 49

Binary tree

Question 50

collection of nodes that have data and are connected to other nodes, can also be used to illustrate examples

Answer 50

Graph data structure

Question 51

vertex is said to be adjacent if there is an edge connecting them

Answer 51

Adjacency

Question 52

sequence of edges that allows you to go from vertex a to vertex b [0-1, 1-2]

Answer 52

Path

Question 53

a graph in which an edge (u,v) doesn’t necessarily mean that there’s an edge (v,u), also edges are represented by arrow to show direction

Answer 53

Directed graph

Question 54

aka maps/dictionaries, abstract data type that can hold data in (key, value) pairs, e.g. phonebook

Answer 54

Associative arrays

Question 55

implements an associative array, but uses a hash function to compute an index aka hash code into an array from which the desired value can be found

Answer 55

Hash table

Question 56

allows access to data in a meaningful way

Answer 56

Key

Question 57

put into bins based on their suits (key) and then sort inside of the bins into order

Answer 57

Bucket technique

Question 58

when the hash function generates the same index for multiple keys

Answer 58

Hash collision

Question 59

can fix collision by creating a linked list in that index, can be multiple chaining

Answer 59

Chaining