Oncology

Question 1

What is the characteristic finding of Dry Macular Degeneration?

Answer 1

Drusen

Question 2

What is found in wet AMDR

Answer 2

Choroidal Neovascularisation

Question 3

Whats the first line investigation in AMDR

Answer 3

Slitlamp

Question 4

In wet AMDR what investigation is often used?

Answer 4

Flourescein Angiography

Question 5

What is seen in Grade 1 Hypertensive Retinopathy?

Answer 5

Tortuous Arteries and Increased light reflex

Question 6

What is seen in grade 2 hypertensive retinopathy?

Answer 6

Arterial Nipping

Question 7

What is seen in grade 3 hypertensive retinopathy?

Answer 7

Cotton Wool Spots
Exudates
Falme Blot Haemorhages

Question 8

What is seen in grade 4 Hypertensive retinopathy

Answer 8

Papilloedema

Question 9

AFP

Answer 9

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 10

CA 19-9

Answer 10

Pancreatic and billiary tree

Question 11

CA15-3

Answer 11

Breast cancer

Question 12

CA - 125

Answer 12

Ovarian

Question 13

Flushing Diarrhoea Tachychadia Bronchospams Hypotension

Raised 5HIAA

Answer 13

Carcinoid syndrome - neuroendocrine tumour. Symptoms develop when metastasise to the Liver or less commonly the lungs

Question 14

In carcinoid syndrome what medication can be used?

Answer 14

Somatostatin analogue - ocreotide.

Question 15

What malignancy is acanthoma nigricans related to and where is it likely to present?

Answer 15

Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Up to 50% present on the tongue

Question 16

What is used to control pain related to bony metastases?

Answer 16

Opiods
Bisphosphonates
Radiotherapy

Question 17

Chemotherapy Agent that is neurotoxic

Answer 17

Asparganine

Question 18

Chemotherapy Agent that is Fibrotic

Answer 18

Bleomycin

Question 19

Chemotherapy Agent that is renal and ototoxic

Answer 19

Cisplatin

Question 20

Chemotherapy Agent that is cardiotoxic

Answer 20

Doxorubicin

Question 21

Chemotherapy Agent that causes peripheral neuropathy

Answer 21

Vincristine

Question 22

Chemotherapy Agent that causes hemorrhagic cystitis and SIADH

Answer 22

Cyclophosphamide

Question 23

Chemotherapy Agent that is myelosuppresive and nephrotoxic

Answer 23

Methotrexate

Question 24

If someone undergoing Chemotherapy has a previous history of neutropenia secondary to chemo or any neutropenia what can they receive?

Answer 24

Filgrastin - Granulocyte Colony stimulating Factor

Question 25

Staging of ovarian cancer

Answer 25

Stage 1 - confined to ovary Stage 2 - beyond ovary but confined to pelvis Stage 3 - beyond pelvis into abdomen Stage 4 - distant metastases

Question 26

Management of ovarian cancer

Answer 26

Stage 1/2 = Surgery = a total abdominal hysterectomy + bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy + infracolic omentectomy + biopsies of any peritoneal deposits + retroperitoneal lymph node assessment - offer chemotherapy if suboptimal surgery completed Stage 3+ = Surgery + chemotherapy - chemotherapy is generally 6 cycles of carboplatin

Question 27

Suspecting malignant spinal chord compression

Answer 27

Full spine MRI + oral dexamethasone

Question 28

Ovarian tumours commonly spread to which lymph nodes?

Answer 28

Para aortic

Question 29

Uterine fundus tumours commonly spread to which lymph nodes?

Answer 29

Para aortic

Question 30

Uterine body tumours commonly spread to which lymph nodes?

Answer 30

Iliac lymph nodes

Question 31

Cervical cancers commonly metastasis to which lymph nodes?

Answer 31

External iliac Presacral nodes Internal iliac nodes

Question 32

If given pre chemotherapy what medication can help reduce the likelihood of developing tumour lysis syndrome?

Answer 32

Allopurinol

Question 33

What chemotherapy drug can precipitate hypo magnesia?

Answer 33

Cyclophophamide

Question 34

Meigs syndrome

Answer 34

Benign ovarian tumour, Ascites and pleural effusion

Question 35

Management of meigs syndrome

Answer 35

Surgical removal of tumour usually resolves symptoms | May require drainage of ascites or effusion

Question 36

Which hormone therapy used in breast cancer is cardio toxic

Answer 36

Trastuzumab

Question 37

Absent red reflex Strabismus Visual impairment Usually a child

Answer 37

Retinoblastoma AD inherited in 10% >90% survive to adulthood

Question 38

Management of a retinal blastoma

Answer 38

Enucleation | External Beam radiotherapy

Question 39

Nuclei are. Enlarged Hyperchromic Pleomorphic

Answer 39

Carcinoma