online quiz material

Question 1

when a sound is recognized but is not produced exactly correctly, this is referred to as a ____ error

Answer 1

distortion

Question 2

which of the following levels would be considered the most complex linguistically

Answer 2

sounds produced in continuous speech

Question 3

asking someone to judge if a sound was produced correctly or incorrectly would be an example of?

Answer 3

two way scoring

Question 4

which of the following is an example of an addition error?

Answer 4

saying “buhlue” instead of “blue”

Question 5

two way scoring requires a higher skill level than phonetic transcription

Answer 5

false

Question 6

a child saying “top” instead of “stop” has produced an omission error

Answer 6

true

Question 7

five way scoring includes two different types of errors

Answer 7

false

Question 8

listening for errors on multiple sounds at the same time is more difficult than listening for errors on a single target sound

Answer 8

true

Question 9

phonetic transcription does not involve making decisions about the speakers articulation of sounds

Answer 9

false

Question 10

a speaker who says “twain” for “train” has produced a substitution error

Answer 10

true

Question 11

units of meaning in language are sometimes referred to as

Answer 11

morphemes

Question 12

phonemes are made up of

Answer 12

one or more allophones

Question 13

when two speech sounds can be interchanged in the same word position without changing the meaning they can be said to be in

Answer 13

free variation

Question 14

speech is

Answer 14

movement of speech organs ad sound production

Question 15

the “b” sound in the word “rub” can be said to be in _____ position

Answer 15

postvocalic

end syllable

Question 16

the form of speech that distinguishes each of us as individuals is known as our

Answer 16

idiolect

Question 17

special marks that help us distinguish among allophones are known as

Answer 17

diacritic markers

Question 18

which of the following words ends in an open syllable

Answer 18

to

Question 19

the group of people who live near you and speak the same language as you can be called your

Answer 19

speech community

Question 20

the study of units of sound that distinguish between morphemes is known as

Answer 20

phonemics

Question 21

morphology is the study of units of meaning in language

Answer 21

true

Question 22

allographs are letters or letter combinations that represent the same phoneme

Answer 22

true

Question 23

we use minimal contrasts to identify the morphemes in a language

Answer 23

false

Question 24

most people do not speak a dialect

Answer 24

false

Question 25

the word “hats” has one morpheme

Answer 25

false

Question 26

speakers of different dialects usually cannot understand each other

Answer 26

false

Question 27

a persons lexicon is the list of all the morphemes they know

Answer 27

true

Question 28

closed syllables end in vowels

Answer 28

false

Question 29

some morphemes are not real words

Answer 29

true

Question 30

if you exchange one sound for another in a word, and the meaning does not change, then the two sounds are allophones of the same phoneme

Answer 30

true

Question 31

the primary mass of the tongue is referred to as the tongue

Answer 31

body

Question 32

sounds that are produced into the lungs are called

Answer 32

ingressive

Question 33

the sequence of words or syllables produced on one expiration is known as

Answer 33

breath group

Question 34

changes in ____ and ____ are the basis for intonation

Answer 34

fundamental frequency; sound duration

Question 35

one hertz equals

Answer 35

one cycle per second

Question 36

fundamental frequency is generated by vibration of the

Answer 36

vocal folds

Question 37

which of the following is not part of the supralaryngeal system

Answer 37

trachea

Question 38

the nasal cavity, lips, tongue, and jaw are part of the ____ system

Answer 38

supralaryngeal

Question 39

when sound travels through the nose to reach the atmosphere, this is known as ___ radiation

Answer 39

nasal

Question 40

when the velum is down, sound can travel through the nose

Answer 40

nasal and velopharyngeal port

Question 41

over 50% of english consonants are articulated using the tongue root

Answer 41

false

Question 42

the velopharyngeal port is closed most of the time when we speak

Answer 42

true

Question 43

the mandible plays no role in speech

Answer 43

false

Question 44

breath groups often consist of syntactic units such as phrases or clauses

Answer 44

true

Question 45

the vocal folds in women tend to vibrate slower than in men

Answer 45

true

Question 46

the structure that move during speech are called the articulators

Answer 46

true

Question 47

everyone closes their velopharyngeal port in exactly the same way

Answer 47

false

Question 48

vowels are described using the position of the tongue dorsum

Answer 48

false

Question 49

the vocal folds are open when we breathe

Answer 49

true

Question 50

for most people, the lower lip moves more than the upper lip

Answer 50

true

Question 51

one practical way to help define infant utterances is to

Answer 51

use audible inspirations or pauses

Question 52

infant-produced syllables that contain both a vowel-like nucleus and a consonant-like margin with rapid transitions are sometimes referred to as

Answer 52

canonical syllables

Question 53

infant sound productions are not always equivalent to those of adults because

Answer 53

• dont have all phonemes

- vocal tract is different

Question 54

an infant is said to have a phonetic inventory of 12 phones. Therefore this infant is currently producing

Answer 54

a total of at least 12 different phones. consonant or vowel like

Question 55

one of the most reliable stages of vocal development involved the emergence of

Answer 55

canonical babbling

Question 56

the IPA system is the best system for transcribing infant vocalization

Answer 56

false

Question 57

the syllable is NOT a useful unit in the analysis of infant vocalizations

Answer 57

false

Question 58

vegetative sounds never serve a communicative function

Answer 58

false

Question 59

vocalizations produced y children under age 3 months can be reliably transcribed

Answer 59

true

Question 60

babbling and other infant vocalizations are not related in an way to language

Answer 60

false

Question 61

the layered structure of the vocal folds is fully developed by age

Answer 61

16 years

Question 62

the expansion stage of phonetic development in infancy corresponds with

Answer 62

the lowering of the larynx in the neck by about 4 months

Question 63

first occlusal contact of the primary molars occurs at about age 16 months. this event helps to

Answer 63

stabilize the jaw and articulators

Question 64

differences between males and females in the structure of the laryngeal tissues begin to appear at

Answer 64

age 8 years

Question 65

when the adnoids begin to hypertrophy around age 4 years some children may begin to sound

Answer 65

denasal

Question 66

the mechanical pattern of respiration is similar in infants and adults

Answer 66

false

Question 67

the lower face undergoes a growth spurt from 1 to 2 years of age

Answer 67

false

Question 68

structurally infants are not just smaller versions of adults

Answer 68

true

Question 69

infants have to generate less subglottal pressure than adults to produce sounds of similar intensity

Answer 69

false

Question 70

the overall configuration of a newborn vocal tract is more similar to the vocal structure of a nonhuman primate than to that of an adult human

Answer 70

true