Opioid Agonist Flashcards
(25 cards)
Name the pharmacologic and therapeutic class of this drug: Morphine
Pharmacologic Class:
- Opioid Agonists (Schedule 2)
Therapeutic Class:
- Opioid Analgesics
How do Opioid Agonists, like morphine work?
- Binds to receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS Depression
Where are opioid receptors typically located?
- located in brain and spinal cord
What is the pirmary receptor site of Morphine action? What type of pain relief does it provide?
- Mu receptors: Strongest pain relief
What type of pain relief does Kappa receptors provide?
- Kappa receptors: moderate pain relief
what are the indications for perscribing Morphine?
Indications
- mod-to-severe pain
- balanced anesthesia
- cough suppression
- diarrhea
What are the therapeutic effects for Morphine?
Therapeutic Effects:
- Decrease in severity in pain
- Produces sedation
- Suppressess cough
- Treats Diarrhea
T/F: Morphine can not cause addiction.
False, morphine can cause addiction
Josh was just prescribed Morphine for treatment of his severe pain.
What potential side effects should you warn her about?
Side Effects:
- constipation
- urinary retention
- nausea/vomitting
- euphoria
- sedation
Josh was just prescribed Morphine for treatment of his severe pain.
What potential adverse effects should you warn his about?
Adverse Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Severe hypotension or bradycardia
- Confusion/delirium
- ↑ potential for drug abuse
What are some contraindications of Morphine?
Contraindication
- Grapefruit Juice
- Alcohol
- CNS antidepressants
- CNS depressants
- Tylenol
Contraindication
Josh has recently been perscribe Morphine for his severe pain. After going over the drug with his nurse, Josh exclaims that he loves grapefruit juice sooo much and he can’t wait to take his morphine with grapefruit juice.
What should the nurse immediately warn Josh about? Why?
- Josh should stop drinking grapefruit juice with Morphine
- Morphine ↑ absorption -> ↑ effects & risks
Contraindication
Nurse Karen is asking her patietn about thier severe pain. The patient tells Nurse Karen that he loves taking his Morphine with Vodka.
What should Nurse Karen immidiately warn the patient about?
- the patient should stop drinking alcohol and taking morphine.
- alcohol ↑ sedation
Contraindication
Josh take his CNS antideppressants and his morphine after surgery. He suddenly develops confusion, muscle twitching, and a high fever. Why shouldn’t Josh mix his CNS antidepressants with Morphine?
- Morphine + CNS antidepressants → serotonin syndrome.
Contraindication
Joe Mama takes barbiturates to help him sleep. He’s also given morphine post-op and ends up too sedated to respond. Joe Mama slept for a week straight. Why did Joe Mama experience this?
- Morphine + CNS depressants (barbiturates/sedatives) → intensified sedative effects.
Contraindication
Josh takes Tylenol around the clock for headaches. He is then prescribed morphine for a broken leg. Why is this combination dangerous?
- Morphine + Tylenol = increased risk for hepatotoxicity (liver toxicity).
What type of patients should not be given Morphine?
- Respiratory Depression
- Acute/Severe Asthma
- Paralytic Illeus
What are some nursing implication when administering Morphine?
- Assess pain before, during, and after
- Assess LOC, BP, HR, & RR
- Assess for potential opioid dependency
- Assess Urine output & bowel function
What is Opioid Tolerance? WHat can happen as a result of Opioid Tolerance?
- common physiologic result of chronic opioid treatment
-> requires larger dose of opioids to maintain the same level of analgesia
What is Physical Dependence?
- the physiologic adaptation of the ody to the presence of an opioid
When is physical dependence typically seen? What do these patient typically go through?
- is seen when: abdruptly discontinued or when an opioid antagonist is administed
- pt go through: Narcotic withdrawal & opioid abstinece syndrome
What SXS are typically seen in Narcotic Withdrawal & Opioid Abstinence Syndrome?
- Anxiety
- Irritability
- Chills/Hot flashes
- Joint pain
What is psychological dependence?
AKA: Addiction
- pattern of compulsive drug use characterized by a continued craving for an opioid and the need to use the opioid for effects other than pain relief
What is to be expected with long-term opioid treatment?
- Opioid Tolerance & Physical Dependence
