Opthalmology Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the layers of the cornea
Mucus/tear film
Epithelium
Basement membrane
Stroma
Descements membrane
Endothelium
Where are there no blood vessels in the optic disk
Between 5 and 7 o’clock
What does slit Opthalmoscopy allow you to see
The contour of the eye/depth perception
What does panoptic Opthalmoscopy allow
Fundic visualisation
What can you use to dilate the pupil short and long term
Tropicamide (takes 20 mins to work, effects last 4-6 weeks)
Atropine (only in non-painful eye, lasts 2 weeks)
What does low IOP show
Leakage
What does high IOP show
Glaucoma
Fibrosis/oedema
What can be used for topical anaesthesia of the eye
Tetracaine
Proxymetacaine (proparacaine)
Schimer tear normal
10mm in a minute
What are common pathologies of the anterior segment
Oedema
Bullae
Synechiae
Cataracts
Iris cysts
Tumours
What are common pathologies of the posterior segment of the eye
Retinopathies
Vitreal floaters
Retinal detachments
Main diseases of the lens
Cataracts congenital/acquired
Luxations
Types of iris disease
Cysts
Neoplay
Types of uveitis
Secondary
Equine recurrent uveitis
What is the normal IOP
14-22mmHg
Routine nerve blocks
Auricolopalpebral
Palpebral
Supraorbital
Common reflexes
Menace
PLR
Dazzle
Palpebral/corneal
Clinical presentation of ulcerative keratitis
Blepharospasm, ptosis
Conjunctival swelling
Epiphora/discharge
Diagnosis of ulcerative keratitis
Opthalmic exam
Observation and menace
Fluorescein stain
Management of ulcerative keratitis
Possible debridement
Antimicrobials
Pain management
Never steroids
What is the purpose of a grid/punctate keratotomy
Exposes stromal collagen to promote stronger epithelial attachment
Takes longer but is more likely to heal
Conjunctivitis treatment
Cloxacillin
Neosporin
Treatment for mild corneal ulceraction
Chloramphenicol
Gentamicin
Treatment for severe corneal ulceraction
Chloramphenicol
Ciprofloxacin and gentamicin
