Oral And Pharyngeal Muscles

Question 1

What is the fauces?

Answer 1

Throat

Question 2

What is more anterior, palatoglossal arch or palatopharyngeal arch?

Answer 2

PALATOGLOSSAL

Palatoglossal, palatine tonsil, palatopharyngeal

Question 3

What muscle is the anterior border of the oral vestibule?

Answer 3

Orbicularis oris

Question 4

What innervates orbicularis oris m.?

Answer 4

CN VII

Question 5

What innervates the buccinator?

Answer 5

CN VII

Question 6

What are the attachments for the buccinator m.?

Answer 6

Pterygomandibular raphe to orbicularis oris

Question 7

Floor of the mouth - Inferior most muscle and its innervation?

Answer 7

Mylohyoid m. - V3

Mylohyoid line to hyoid

Question 8

Floor of the mouth - Next most inferior muscle and its innervation?

Answer 8

Geniohyoid m. - CN XII

Inf. Mental spine to hyoid bone

Question 9

What muscle goes from styloid process to hyoid bone and what is it innervated by?

Answer 9

Stylohyoid - CN VII

Question 10

What other suprahyoid muscle is innervated by CN VII?

Answer 10

Posterior belly of digastric

Question 11

Big, flat muscle just deep to the stylohyoid m.?

Answer 11

Hyoglossus m. - CN XII

Greater horn to lat tongue

Question 12

Styloid process to lat tongue muscle?

Answer 12

Styloglossus m. - CN XII

Question 13

What innervates palatoglossal m.?

Answer 13

CN X

Question 14

What is considered “the” tongue muscle?

Answer 14

Genioglossus - CN XII - Sup mental spine to ???

Question 15

What are the intrinsic tongue muscles? (4)

Answer 15

Superior longitudinal m.
Inferior longitudinal m.
Vertical m.
Transverse m.

Question 16

What innervates all the intrinsic mm.?

Answer 16

CN XII

Question 17

What does the superior longitudinal m. do?

Answer 17

Shortens tongue

Question 18

What does the inferior longitudinal muscle do?

Answer 18

Curl tongue up or down

Question 19

What does the transverse tongue muscle do?

Answer 19

Narrows and lengthens tongue

Question 20

What does the vertical tongue muscle do?

Answer 20

Flattens and widens tongue

Question 21

What does “lick your wounds” mean?

Answer 21

Tongue will go to the side that the issue is happening in

Question 22

What innervates the palate?

Answer 22

V2

Question 23

What branches of V2 innervate the palate? (3) NGL

Answer 23

Nasopalatine n.
Greater palatine n.
Lesser palatine n.

Question 24

The arterial supply to the palate is as follows: for the hard palate, the branch of the maxillary artery, ______________. For the soft palate, there are three main arteries that have come from the maxillary a., facial a., and ascending pharyngeal a. They are ____________, ______________, and _____________, respectively.

Answer 24

Greater palatine a.
Lesser palatine a.
Ascending palatine aa.
Palatine a.

Question 25

How many muscles act on the palate?

Answer 25

5

Question 26

What are the 5 muscles that motor the palate, and what innervates them, and what do they do? LPPUT

Answer 26

Levator veli palatini m. - CN X - Elevates soft palate Palatoglossus m. - CN X - Pulls tongue superiorly Palatopharyngeus m. - CN X - Elevates pharynx and larynx Uvular m. - CN X - uvula Tensor veli palatini m. - V3 - Tenses soft palate

Question 27

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx from superior to inferior, and what are their innervations?

Answer 27

Nasopharynx - V2 Oropharynx - IX Laryngopharynx - X

Question 28

There are 3 pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Name them and their attachments (Hint: they all go to the pharyngeal raphe) SMI

Answer 28

Sup pharyngeal constrictor m. - Pterygomandibular raphe Middle pharyngeal constrictor m. - greater horn Inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. - Cricothyroid and thyroid cartilage

Question 29

What are the elevator muscles of the pharynx? (3) PSS

Answer 29

Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus Stylopharyngeus *They all blend into the pharyngeal constrictors

Question 30

What fold does the salpingopharyngeus muscle form?

Answer 30

The salpingopharyngeus fold

Question 31

Motor innervation to the pharynx is accomplished mostly by what nerve, and what is the exception?

Answer 31

CN X **Except for Stylopharyngeus - CN IX

Question 32

What is the vascular supply to the pharynx? (3+) ASIB+

Answer 32

Ascending pharyngeal a. Sup thyroid a. Inf thyroid a. Branches of facial and maxillary aa.

Question 33

What are the 4 main functions of the larynx?

Answer 33

Prevent material from entering airway Phonation Breathing Cough reflex (CN X)

Question 34

What are the 4 main cartilages associated with the larynx?

Answer 34

Thyroid Cricoid Epiglottis Arytenoid

Question 35

What are the 3 main ligaments of the larynx?

Answer 35

Thyrohyoid Cricothyroid Vocal ligaments

Question 36

Broadly, what innervates the larynx as a whole?

Answer 36

CN X

Question 37

The sup laryngeal nerve is motor to what muscle and sensory to what muscles?

Answer 37

Cricothyroideus m. (Ext laryngeal) | Sensory to all mm. above vocal cords (Int laryngeal)

Question 38

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is motor to what muscles and sensory to what muscles?

Answer 38

Motor - Laryngeal mm. | Sensory - Muscles below vocal cords

Question 39

What synovial joint is in the thyroid cartilage and what does it do?

Answer 39

Cricoarytenoid joint | Abducts and adducts vocal ligaments

Question 40

What muscle adducts the vocal ligaments?

Answer 40

Lateral cricoarytenoid mm.

Question 41

What muscle abducts vocal ligaments?

Answer 41

Posterior cricoarytenoid mm.

Question 42

What do the laryngeal muscles do as a whole?

Answer 42

Adduct, abduct, tense, or loosen vocal fold. They act bilaterally. Motor is CN X - Recurrent laryngeal n.

Question 43

In summary, the tongue muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?

Answer 43

CN XII **Palatoglossus m. - CN X

Question 44

In summary, the palate muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?

Answer 44

CN X *Tensor veli palatini - V3

Question 45

In summary, the pharyngeal muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?

Answer 45

CN X *Stylopharyngeus - CN IX

Question 46

In summary, laryngeal muscles are all innervated by what, and what is the exception?

Answer 46

Recurrent (CN X) *Cricothyroideus - Superior laryngeal n. (CN X)