ORAL: BhG 2.11 & 2.12 Flashcards
(17 cards)
Chant BhG verse 2.11
śrī-bhagavān uvāca ।
aśocyān anvaśocas tvaṃ prajñā-vādāṃś ca bhāṣase ।
gatāsūn agatāsūṃś ca nānuśocanti paṇḍitāḥ ||
Chant BhG verse 2.12
na tv evāhaṃ jātu nāsaṃ na tvaṃ neme janādhipāḥ ।
na caiva na bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarve vayam ataḥ param ||
Analyse śrī-bhagavān uvāca
2.11
śrī-bhagavān (Krishna) = Nom S
uvāca = Perfect 3rd pers Sing active of √vac II class
analyse anvaśocas
[anv-a-śocaḥ]
2.11
‘You have mourned’
anu-√śuc
2nd pers. Sing. ACTIVE
IMPERFECT
Class 1
As in the perfect tense, the imperfect also conveys past events.
The imperfect tense uses the augment ‘a’, which is a clear marker.
Ex: anu (prefix) + a (augment) + śoc (root) + aḥ (personal ending).
aśocyān
2.11
‘those not to be mourned’
a-śocyān
GERUNDIVE √śuc, Acc, Pl.
a (Negative prefix) + śoc (root) + ya (Gerundive marker) + an (case ending).
tvaṃ
bhāṣase
2.11
2dn pers, personal pronoun.
‘you’
Nom, Sg, Masc.
bhāṣase = ‘you speak’
2nd pers, sg, masc, PRESENT TENSE, atmanepada.
Both 2nd person sg,
analyse the compound prajñā-vādāṃś
2.11
‘Words-of-widsom’
‘widsom-words’
Could be a tatpurusa compound, with a genitive case relation.
Acc. Pl.
paṇḍitāḥ
2.11
‘the wise’
Nom, Pl, Masc.
nānuśocanti
2.11
na+anuśocanti
‘they do not mourn’
3rd pers, pl, Active voice.
PRESENT TENSE, Class 1 Verb.
gatāsūn agatāsūṃś ca
2.11
‘the dead or the living’
gatāsūn= ‘ those whose vital breaths are gone’
gatāḥ = gone
asavaḥ (stem : asu) = vital breaths.
–
a-gatāsūn = ‘those who vital breaths are not gone’.
Both are in the Acc P… and are bahuvrīhi compounds.
bahuvrīhi compounds - qualify people who are either living or dead.
In Vedic times - asu refers to breath, life .. or in later language it refers to the vital breaths or airs of the body
translate verse 2.11
2.12
‘The Blessed One said: You speak as if
with words of wisdom, [but] you have mourned that which is
not to be mourned.
Wise men mourn neither
those whose life-breath is gone, nor those whose breath remains.’
(L. Patton).
chant verse 2.12
na tv evāhaṃ jātu nāsaṃ na tvaṃ neme janādhipāḥ ।
na caiva na bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarve vayam ataḥ param ॥
What are all the Nom. Sg pronouns in verse 2.12?
ahaṃ = ‘I’, 1st pers, personal pronoun.
tvaṃ = ‘you’, 2nd pers, personal pronoun.
Analyse the two verbs in verse 2.12?
āsaṃ = 1st pers Sing, ACTIVE, IMPERFECT TENSE
describes past events
√as (class 2) = ‘to be, live, exist, be present’
—
bhaviṣyāmaḥ = √bhū (Class 1 ) 1st person PLUR, FUTURE tense, active.,
na bhaviṣyāmaḥ = ‘we will not be’
Cite all nouns/pronouns in the Nom Pl case & number in verse 2.12
neme janādhipāḥ = na ime janādhipāḥ
ime = Demonstrative pronoun, Nom, Pl, masc (‘these’).
agrees with janādhipā
janādhipāḥ = ‘rulers of the people’
Masc, Nom, Pl.
—
sarve vayam = ‘we all’
vayam = 1st pers, personal pronoun. Pl, Nom.
Agrees with sarve.
Sarve = Nom pl
ataḥ param
‘from this time on’
how many negatives (na) are there in verse 2.12
5…
na tv evāhaṃ
na + asaṃ
na tvaṃ
na caiva [ca+eva] na bhaviṣyāmaḥ
