Oral Cavity and Larynx

Question 1

what is the principal muscle of lips? cheeks?

Answer 1

orbiculrais oris

buccinator

Question 2

cheek: go from superficial -> deep

what innervates cheek

Answer 2

skin, buccinator, buccal gingivae, oral mucosa

V3 buccal branch

Question 3

where do you find the parotid papillae

Answer 3

upper 2nd molar

Question 4

what innervates hard palate ginigva? teeth?

Answer 4

gingiva: anterior (incisors + canine), middle (premolar), posterior (molar) superior alveolar. (incisors + canines + premolar also has infrorbital)
teeth: ant/mid/post superior alveolar (off infraorbital/PPG of V2)

Question 5

which lingual papillae are present, what do they contain?

Answer 5

fungiform (most antr), vallate (most postr), foliate paipllae (lateral?) -> taste buds
filiform (middle) -> sensory n endings sensitive to touch

Question 6

what supplies SA from antr 2/3 tongue?

Answer 6

lingual branch of V3

Question 7

how is taste conveyed from antr 2/3 tongue?

Answer 7

chorda tympani of CN7 (first goes through lingual)

Question 8

what supplies SA from postr 1/3 tongue supplied?

Answer 8

by CNIX, lingual branch

Question 9

how is taste conveyed from post 1/3 tongue?

Answer 9

by CNIX, lingual branch

Question 10

what supplies SA from epiglottis?

Answer 10

its actually VA. CNX (internal laryngeal)

Question 11

how is taste conveyed from epiglottis?

Answer 11

CNX (internal laryngeal)

Question 12

intrinsic tongue muscles alter its __ ? extrinsic muscles alter its __ ? list all

Answer 12

shape, position

intrinsic: supr/infr longitudinal + vertical + transverse
extrinsic: genioglossus + palatoglossus + styloglossus + hyoglossus

Question 13

floor of oral cavity proper contains

Answer 13

6: submand/sublingual gland, lingual n, mylophyoid, geniohyoid, lower alveolar arch

Question 14

what connects tongue to floor of mouth? what is opening of subman ducts? what is elevation of mucosa from lingual gland? how many sublingual ducts? underlying vessels called?

Answer 14

lingual frenulum
sublingual caruncle
sublingual fold
8-20
deep lingual a/v

Question 15

what innervates oral cavity floor gingiva and teeth?

Answer 15

gingiva: buccal branch (V3), mental branch (V3)
floor of mouth: lingual
premolar + molar: infr alveolar dental branches
incisors + canine: incisive branch of infr alveolar

Question 16

what are 2 suprahyoid muscles that form floor of oral cavity proper? innervation?

Answer 16

geniohyoid (C1 via CNXII)

myohyoid (myohyoid off infr alveolar)

Question 17

vertebral levels of larynx

Answer 17

C3 - C6

Question 18

define 1) supraglottic space 2) ventricle 3) infraglottic space. what is space b/t true VC called? what if it includes the true VCs

Answer 18

1) laryngeal inlet -> vestibular folds (fake VC)
2) b/t vesitbular folds and vocal cords (true VC)
3) from vocal folds -> lower border of cricoid cartilage

rima glottis
glottis

Question 19

what are the 3 single vs 3 paired cartilages

what are the 3 membranes, which one** does internal laryngeal pierce through?

Answer 19

single: thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic
paired: arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform
**thyrohyoid membrane (b/t thyroid cartilage + hyoid bone)
cricothyroid membrane (b/t cricoid + thyroid cartilages)
quadrangular (b/t epiglottic + arytenoid cartilages)

Question 20

conus elastus is made up of

Answer 20

medial cricothroid ligament
lateral cricothyroid ligament
vocal ligaments

Question 21

what adducts vocal ligaments, innervation?

Answer 21

lateral cricoarytenoid + transverse + oblique arytenoid (BM from recurrent laryngeal)

Question 22

what relaxes the vocal ligaments? innervation?

Answer 22

vocalis and thyroarytenoid (BM from recurrent laryngeal)

Question 23

what increases tension of vocal ligaments

Answer 23

cricothyroid (BM from EXTERNAL branch of supr laryngeal)

Question 24

superior vs inferior laryngeal art/v branch/tributary of what? which nerves do they pair up with? what are the funct components? what is the dividing line?

Answer 24

supr vs infr thyroid art/vein

supr laryngeal art (sympost) pairs w internal pharyngeal n (pierces thryohyoid membrane); VEparapre VA SS of ant epiglottis

infr laryngeal art (sympost) pairs w recurrent laryngeal n; VEparare VA BM SA.

above v below vocal cords

Question 25

intrinsic tongues inn + funct?

Answer 25

supr longitudinal: curls tongue longitudially upward, elevate apex and sides, shortens (retrudes) tongue infr longitudinal: curls tongue longitudially down, depress apex, retrudes tongue vertical: flattens tongue transverse: narrows/elongates (protudes) tongue all CNXII

Question 26

genioglossus inn and function

Answer 26

CNXII | protrudes/bilaterally depress/unilaterally wags tongue

Question 27

1) styoglossus and 2) hyoglossus inn and function

Answer 27

CNXII 1) retract and elevate 2) retract and depress

Question 28

geniohyoid and mylohyoid inn and function

Answer 28

``` C1 via CNXII myohyoid n (from V3) ``` pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly, shortens floor of mouth, WIDENS PHARYNX elevate hyoid bone, floor of mouth and tongue during speech + swallow