Oral cavity infections

Question 1

Glucomannan or mannoprotein are virulence factors of this pathogen facilitating adhesion

Answer 1

Candida albicans

Question 2

Function of aspartyl proteinases of C albicans

Answer 2

Hydrolyze host proteins involved in defense

Question 3

Gram positive, oval, yeast-like budding cells with pseudohyphae. PAS positive and culture on SDA. Demonstration of germ tube.

Answer 3

C albicans

Question 4

C albicans on CHROMagar

Answer 4

Light green/mint

Question 5

C tropicalis on CHROMagar

Answer 5

Dark blue

Question 6

C krusei on CHROMagar

Answer 6

Purple

Question 7

Treatment of mild to moderate C albicans infections

Answer 7

Local application of clotrimazole, miconazole, or nystatin

Question 8

Treatment of severe C albicans infection

Answer 8

Fluconazole PO or IV

Question 9

Characteristics of pseudomembranous type C albicans infection

Answer 9

Red erosions with a raw, bleeding surface when scraped

Question 10

Characteristics of erythematous type of C albicans infection

Answer 10

Flat, red, occasionally sore areas

Question 11

dsDNA virus with an icosahedral core that replicates in the host nucleus and obtains its envelope form the host nuclear membrane.

Answer 11

HSV 1 and 2

Question 12

Spread of HSV from lytic to latent lesions

Answer 12

Syncytia formation

Question 13

Finding in host cell suggestive of HSV infection

Answer 13

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

Question 14

Virus that encodes a protein that down-regulates MHC-1 antigen presentation and CTL recognition

Answer 14

HSV

Question 15

Method by which HSV escapes immune system

Answer 15

Coats itself with IgG via Fc and complement receptors

Question 16

Typical clear lesions followed by ulcers of the lips, mouth, and/or pharynx

Answer 16

HSV

Question 17

Recurrent mucocutaneous lesions of the mouth and lips

Answer 17

HSV 1

Question 18

Treatment of HSV

Answer 18

Acyclovir
Valacyclovir

Question 19

Microscopy of Giemsa stain and TZANCK smear show multinucleated giant cells and Cowdry type A inclusion bodies

Answer 19

HSV

Question 20

Cell culture findings in HSV infection

Answer 20

Syncytium formation in 1-3 days

Question 21

Possible complication of HSV infection in immunosuppressed

Answer 21

Risk of disseminated life-threatening disease

Question 22

Non-enveloped ssRNA virus that is resistant to heat, detergents, and acids. Causal agent of hand-foot-mouth disease.

Answer 22

Coxsackie A virus (type 16)

Question 23

Transmission of Coxsackie A virus

Answer 23

Fecal-oral route
Direct contact

Question 24

Child presents with shallow yellow ulcers surrounded by red halos in the oral mucosa of the soft palate. Also has thick-walled gray vesicles with erythematous base on hands, feet, and/or buttocks

Answer 24

Hand-foot-mouth/Coxsackie A

Question 25

Medication to avoid in Hand-foot-mouth disease

Answer 25

Steroids

Question 26

Adolescent pt presents with fever, malaise, sore throat, painful swallowing, and tender vesicles at the junction of the hard and soft palate and on the tonsillar pillars.

Answer 26

Herpangina

Question 27

Causal agent of herpangina

Answer 27

Coxsackie A virus

Question 28

Vincent's organisms

Answer 28

Fusobacterium species Borrelia species

Question 29

Treatment of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Answer 29

Penicillin and metronidazole Dental hygiene

Question 30

Pt presents with abrupt onset of fever, malaise, severe mouth pain, and anorexia. Examination shows erythematous, edematous gingiva with friable necrotic punched-out craters in interdental papillae.

Answer 30

ANUG/trench mouth

Question 31

Whitish, corrugated, non-painful plaques on the lateral border of tongue

Answer 31

Oral hairy leukoplakia

Question 32

Causal agent of oral hairy leukoplakia

Answer 32

EBV

Question 33

Causal agents of dental caries

Answer 33

Viridans groups of Strep (mutans, salivarius, mitis, sanguis)

Question 34

Product of Strep viridans that adheres to teeth and results in plaque formation

Answer 34

Dextran

Question 35

Common causal organism of osteomyelitis of jaw

Answer 35

Actinomyces israelii

Question 36

Strictly anaerobic, non-acid fast, gram positive, filamentous, thin rods that colonize the upper respiratory tract, GIT, and female genital tract

Answer 36

Actinomyces israelii

Question 37

Initially hard, redish, non-tender tissue swelling over the jaw with fibrosis and swelling. Draining sinus tracts develop, containing sulfur granules

Answer 37

Osteomyelitis of jaw caused by actinomyces israelii

Question 38

First choice treatment for osteomyelitis of jaw

Answer 38

Penicillin Drainage and debridement

Question 39

Secondary choices for treating osteomyelitis of jaw

Answer 39

Carbapenems Macrolides Clindamycin