Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NMAT 2022 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

(92 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

composition of compounds in organic chemistry

A

C, H, O, N, S, P, Halogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bonding in org chem

A

covalent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

polar molecules are ______ with water
non-polar molecules are _____ with water

A

polar molecules are soluble with water
non-polar molecules are insoluble with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

melting point and boiling point is ______ for organic compounds

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

phenomenon wherein 2 or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structures

A

isomerism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chain isomerism is usually displayed by _________ and ________

A

alkanes and cycloalkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

same structure, same connection of atoms, but different in the arrangement of atoms in 3D space

A

stereoisomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

have the same chain/parent but different in position of the functional group or multiple bonds

A

Positional isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

molecules that display positional isomerism (5)

A

alkenes
alkynes
alcohols
alkyl halide
ketones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

same molecular formula but different functional groups ; should be in pairs

A

functional isomerism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

exhibit cis/trans isomerism, arises due to the presence of chiral carbon/ assymetrical carbons

A

optical isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

due to the difference in EN, the ability of an atom to attract a pair of e- in a covalent bond

A

bond polarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

higher bond polarity = _____ EN

A

higher EN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

%s, EN and bond is ______ proportional

A

directly proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

s% & no. of bonds
sp3 =
sp2 =
sp =

A

s% & no. of bonds
sp3 = 25% , single
sp2 = 33.33%, double
sp = 50%, triple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bond polarity is _______ proportional to bond energy

A

directly proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

bond length and bond polarity is ______ proportional

A

inversely proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

___ Angle strain = weaker, longer, less polar
___ Angle strain = most polar, stronger

A

higher angle strain = weaker, longer, less polar
lower Angle strain = most polar, stronger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

single covalent bond between all the carbons

A

saturated hydrocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

at least 1 double or triple covalent bonds

A

Unsaturated covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Alkanes formula

A

CnH2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Type of hydrocarbon in a liquid state

A

Alkane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Alkanes have lower surface area, therefore lower vanderwaal’s interaction and ______ boiling point

A

lower boiling point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

type of hydrocarbon that easily catches fire

A

alkane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Formula of alkenes
CnH2n
26
True or False in naming alkenes you must locate where the double bond is and include it in the name
True
27
Type of hydrocarbon with slight polarization
alkene
28
alkenes have _____ melting point and boiling point
high
29
Alkyne formula
CnH2n-2
30
more soluble to water than alkanes and alkenes
alkynes
31
3 atoms are hybridized, very stable
benzene
32
benzene formula
C6H6
33
Huckels rule
4n+2
34
Funtional groups: nitro amino
nitro = NO2 amino = NH2
35
benzene ring + OH
phenol
36
benzene ring + CH3
toluene
37
benzene ring + CHO
benzaldehyde
38
benzene ring + COOH
benzoic acid
39
benzene ring + CH=CH2
styrene
40
benzene ring + NH2
aniline
41
benzene ring + SO3H
benzene sulfonic acid
42
benzene ring + CH2
benzene
43
Alcohol functional group
R-OH
44
Phenol functional group
Ar-OH
45
Ether functional group
R-O-R
46
Amine functional group
R-N-R" R
47
Amide Functional group
O (double bonded to C) R-C-N-R' N
48
Aldehyde functional group
R-CHO
49
Ketone functional group
R-COR
50
Carboxylic acids functional group
R-COOH
51
Ester functional group
R-COOR'
52
O (double bonded) CH3-C-CH3
acetone
53
compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms
Alkyl halides
54
higher boiling point than alkanes Little to no solubility in water
Alkyl halides
55
alcohols has ______ bonding
hydrogen
56
other name for vitamin A
retinol
57
Stronger hydrogen bonding than alcohols
Phenols
58
Examples of Phenols
Antioxidants (vit E) Vanillin Capsaicin Estradiol Testosterone
59
Grignard reacts with aldehydes or ketones to form _______
alcohol
60
Oxidized primary alcohol --> _______ + _______
aldehyde + carboxylic acid
61
Oxidized secondary alcohol
ketone
62
sp3 hybridized oxygen
ethers
63
true or false ethers have no hydrogen bonding
true
64
ethers have ________ which is the ability to react with oxygen to form peroxide
autoxidation
65
Organic derivatives of ammonia (NH3)
amines
66
weak organic base + hydrogen bonding
amines
67
the difference between primary and secondary amines and tertiary amines is that _______ cannot hydrogen bond together
tertiary amines
68
_______ and _____ amines have ower boiling point than alcohols and carboxylic acids
Primary and secondary amines
69
Arrange BP from lowest to highest: primary/secondary amines ketone alcohols aldehydes carboxylic acids tertiary amines/alkanes
Tertiary amines/Alkanes primary/secondary amines Aldehydes Ketones Alcohols Carboxylic Acids
70
Carboxylic acid + Amine = ______ + Water
Carboxylic acid + Amine = Amide + Water
71
Susceptible to nucleophilic addition reactions
aldehydes
72
aldehyde under acidic conditions forms ________
carboxylic acid
73
aldehyde under alkaline conditions forms _________
Salt of carboxylic acid
74
________ are resistant to oxidation
ketones
75
ketones are reduced to _______
secondary alcohol
76
Precursors to compounds: esters, aldehydes, ketones
Carboxylic acids
77
can be a hydrogen acceptor and hydrogen donor
Carboxylic acids
78
solubility of carboxylic compounds More than 5 carbons: ______ Less than 5 carbons: _______
More than 5 carbons: insoluble Less than 5 carbons: soluble
79
Oxidation of primary alcohol
Carboxylic Acid
80
React with nucleophiles
Esters
81
Fragrant: used in perfumes, essential oils + pheromones
Esters
82
Esters are derivatives of __________
carboxylic acids
83
Preparation: Esterfication ________ + ________ = Ester
Carboxylic acid + Alcohol
84
IMF and BP is _______ proportional
directly proportional
85
Arrange the forces from weakest to strongest
Van der Waals/London Forces Dipole-Dipole Hydrogen Bonding Ionic
86
Molecular weight and BP is _______ proportional
directly proportional
87
branching and BP are _______ proportional
inversely proportional
88
Types of addition reactions
Hydrogenation Addition of halogen Addition of hydrogen halide
89
breaking of C-H bonds in an alkane or aromatic ring, replacing it with another atom or group of atoms. Occurs at room temperature or light may be necessary
Substitution
90
Alkane cracked into alkene
elimination
91
Donates electrons Negatively charged or have Lone Pair Electron rich
Nucleophilic
92
Accepts electrons Positively charged Electron deficient
Electrophilic

NMAT 2022 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions