Organic Compounds

Question 1

Organic compounds

Answer 1

Always contain carbon, usually contain hydrogen, and always have covalent bonds. Most are large molecules, many made up of long carbon atom chains

Question 2

Carbon Skelton

Answer 2

The chain of carbon atoms in an organic molecule

Question 3

Hydrocarbon

Answer 3

Carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms

Question 4

Functional group

Answer 4

Other atoms or molecules bound to the hydrocarbon skeleton

Question 5

Polymer

Answer 5

A large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of many identical or similar small building block molecules monomers

Question 6

Isomer

Answer 6

Molecules that have the same molecular formula, but different structures

Question 7

Carbohydrates

Answer 7

Include sugars, glycogen, starches, and cellulose. They function mainly as as a source of chemical energy for generating ATP needed to drive metabolic reactions

Question 8

Monosaccharides

Answer 8

Simple sugars that contain 3 to 7 carbon atoms

Question 9

Disaccharides

Answer 9

Simple sugars formed from the combination of two monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis

Question 10

Polysaccharides

Answer 10

From tens to hundreds of monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis

Question 11

Glycogen

Answer 11

The main polysaccharide in the human body, made entirely of glucose monomers linked to one another in branching chains

Question 12

Starches

Answer 12

Polysaccharides formed from glucose by plants

Question 13

Cellulose

Answer 13

A polysaccharide formed from glucose by plants that cannot be digested by humans, but does provide bulk to help eliminate feces