Organic synthesis techniques and procedures

Question 1

Write the 5 steps to produce an organic solvent.

Answer 1

-prepare organic solvent using distillation or HUR
-Extract organic solvent using separating funnel
-use drying reagent to remove water water (MgSo4)
-Filter using fluted filter paper
-redistillation if organic solvent to given temperature

Question 2

Write the 4 steps to purify a solid.

Answer 2

-Impure crystals
-dissolve crystals in the minimum volume if hot solvent
-cool the solution to produce crystals
-Filter off the crystals then wash with cold solvent so they don’t dissolve the dry.

Question 3

What is the name of the process to make pure crystals using pressure.

Answer 3

-Filtering under reduced pressure

Question 4

Draw the diagram for filtering under reduced pressure.

Answer 4

-Buchner funnel
-filter paper
-Buchner flask
-Air outlet

Question 5

What is the point of filtering under reduced pressure?

Answer 5

-To test for purity, measure the melting point
-more pure= more accurate to melting point
-less pure= large range in the melting point
-narrow melting point indicate a pure product compare to known value

Question 6

-what are the advantages of filtering under pressure

Answer 6

-Filters quickly
-dries it completely