Organisation and management 2.2

Question 1

Human Resources

Answer 1

human resources is the function that handles all aspects related to the workforce. it involved ask aspects of business operations related to staff within an organisation.

Question 2

marketing

Answer 2

marketing is about identifying the needs and wants of customers is that the business can provide goods and services to meet thee requirements and desires, usually in a profitable way.

Question 3

finance

Answer 3

ensures that the business has sufficient funds in order to conduct its daily operations. essentially the finance is responsible for managing the organisations money and maintaining accurate accounts.

Question 4

operations

Answer 4

process of making goods and providing services from the available resources of a business to meet the Neds and wants of its customers.

Question 5

tall levels of hierarchy

Answer 5

Many levels of hierarchy
Long chain of command (messages pass through many people)
Narrow span of control (each manager supervises only a few employees)
Clear lines of responsibility and promotion
+ Clear management structure and control
+ More promotion opportunities
+ Managers can closely supervise staff

Question 6

flat levels of hierarchy

Answer 6

Few management layers: Minimal hierarchy between frontline employees and top executives.
Wide spans of control: Managers oversee a larger number of employees.
Decentralised decision-making: Employees have more decision-making power.
Open communication: Direct channels between staff and leadership
Reduced operational costs
Faster decision-making
Enhanced employee involvement
Improved communication
Encourages innovation

Question 7

wide span of control

Answer 7

Larger Teams: Managers supervise more employees directly.
Fewer Management Layers: Results in a flatter organizational hierarchy.
Efficient Communication: Fewer layers can lead to quicker information flow.
+ cost affective
+ faster decision making
+ improved communication

Question 8

narrow span of control

Answer 8

A narrow span of control refers to a management structure where a supervisor oversees a small number of employees. This setup allows for closer supervision, more personalized guidance, and is often found in organizations with complex tasks or where employees require more support.
+ Limited Number of Subordinates
+ Enhanced Communication
+ Clear Hierarchical Structure

Question 9

long chain of command

Question 10

short chain of command

Answer 10

+ communication is quicker and more accurate
+ top managers are less remote from the lower levels of hierarchy
+ spans of control will be wider
+ there will be less direct control of each worker, they will feel more trusted

Question 11

different ways of flexible working

Question 12

advantages and disadvantages of full time employees

Question 13

advantages and disadvantages of part time employees

Question 14

advantages and disadvantages of delegation

Question 15

the functions of managment

Answer 15

planning, organisation, coordinating, commanding, controlling

Question 16

autocratic leadership

Question 17

democratic leadership

Question 18

laissez-faire

Question 19

advantages and disadvantages of autocratic

Question 20

advantages and disadvantages of democratic

Question 21

advantages and disadvantages of laissez- faire

Question 22

concept of downsizing

Question 23

concept of redundancy

Question 24

reasons of reducing the size of the workforce

Answer 24

automation, reduced demand for products, need to lower costs

Question 25

what is a trade union

Question 26

benefits to employees of being a trade union member

Question 27

levels of hierarchy

Answer 27

refers to managers/ supervisors/ other employees who are given a similar level of responsibility in an organisation

Question 28

chain of command

Answer 28

structure in an organisation which allows instructions to be passed down from senior management to lower levels of management