Organisation In Animals

Question 1

What do Veins do?

Answer 1

Carry blood to the Heart.

Question 2

What do Arteries do?

Answer 2

Carry blood away from the Heart.

Question 3

What do capillaries do?

Answer 3

Exchange materials.

Question 4

What is Plasma?

Answer 4

Liquid on the blood which transports substances like enzymes and hormones around the body by the blood.

Question 5

What are Platelets?

Answer 5

Cell fragments that contain Protein.

Question 6

What can Platelets do?

Answer 6

Repair damaged blood vessels and clot the blood.

Question 7

The 4 main blood vessels in the Heart.

Answer 7

Aorta.
Pulmonary Vein.
Pulmonary Artery.
Vena Cava.

Question 8

What sort of circulatory system is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 8

The cardiac cycle is a Double Circulatory System.
1st: Heart -> Lungs.
2nd: Heart -> Body.

Question 9

What is CHD

Answer 9

Coronary Heart Disease. Fatty layers block the Coronary Artery.

Question 10

What do stents do?

Answer 10

Stents are a mesh tube which expands in the Coronary Artery to help blood flow.

Question 11

What do Coronary Arteries do?

Answer 11

Take oxygenated blood to the Heart.

Question 12

What is LDL?

Answer 12

Low Density Lipoprotein which is a type of Cholesterol which is bad.

Question 13

Where does oxygen go (steps)

Answer 13

Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli.

Question 14

What percentage of gases are in the alveoli?

Answer 14

79% Nitrogen.
21% Oxygen.
0.03% Carbon Dioxide.

Question 15

Where does CO2 diffuse?

Answer 15

The Alveolus.

Question 16

Why is the same as breathing?

Answer 16

Ventilation.

Question 17

4 Adaptations of the Alveoli.

Answer 17

Millions in both lungs
Extended capillaries network (70%)
1 cell thick walls
Thin film of moisture for gases.

Question 18

What does the extended capillaries in the Alveoli mean?

Answer 18

An increase in surface area.

Question 19

1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of Statins.

Answer 19

+ Easier than transplants.
- Consistent usage of the medication.

Question 20

What happens to the Thoriac volume and pressure during inhalation?

Answer 20

Volume increases.
Pressure decreases.

Question 21

1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of Artificial Hearts.

Answer 21

An advantage is that it is less likely to be rejected.
A disadvantage is that immune-suppressive treatment has to be continued after, making the person vulnerable to severe illness from common illnesses.

Question 22

What are Stem Cells?

Answer 22

Undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into different types of specialised cells.

Question 23

The_______ _________provide oxygen to the cardiac muscle.

Answer 23

Coronary Arteries.

Question 24

Cardiovascular diseases are [][]

Answer 24

Non-communicable.

Question 25

What happens if there is a faulty Heart Valve?

Answer 25

The blood flows in the wrong direction.

Question 26

What can faulty heart valves be replaced with?

Answer 26

Mechanical or biological valves.

Question 27

What are artificial hearts used for?

Answer 27

keep patients alive while waiting for a transplant.

Question 28

What are benign tumors?

Answer 28

non-cancerous tumors.

Question 29

What are malignant tumors?

Answer 29

cancerous tumors.

Question 30

What are communicable diseases?

Answer 30

A disease that can be spread from person to person.

Question 31

What are non-communicable diseases?

Answer 31

Diseases that cannot be spread from person to person.