Topic 2: Organisation

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

Fundamental units that make up all living organisms.

Question 2

What are tissues?

Answer 2

Groups of similar cells that act together to perform a similar function.

Question 3

Name 4 Examples of tissues.

Answer 3

Epithelial tissue (animals and plants)
Muscular tissue (animals)
Mesophyll (plants)
Epidermal tissue (animals and plants)

Question 4

What does the Epithelial tissue do?

Answer 4

It lines the outer surface of organs and blood vessels.

Question 5

What does the muscular tissue in animals do?

Answer 5

Contracts to bring about force and motion

Question 6

What does Mesophyll in plants do?

Answer 6

Photosynthesis

Question 7

What is the epidermal tissue in animals and plants?

Answer 7

In animals: Skin
In Plants: waxy covering

Question 8

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 8

Cells

Question 9

What are Organs?

Answer 9

Groups of distinct tissues that work together to perform a specific function.

Question 10

What 3 types of tissues does the stomach contain?

Answer 10

Muscular tissue
Glandular tissue
Epithelial tissue

Question 11

What does the muscular tissue do in the stomach?

Answer 11

Move e contents of the stomach around during digestion.

Question 12

What does Glandular tissue do in the stomach?

Answer 12

Produces digestive juices that break down the stomach’s contents.

Question 13

What does the Epithelial tissue in the stomach do?

Answer 13

Epithelial tissue lines the stomach

Question 14

True or False: Eyes are not an organ

Answer 14

FALSE, Eyes are an organ

Question 15

What does the liver produce?

Answer 15

Bile

Question 16

What does the small intestine do in the human body?

Answer 16

Digests food and absorbs soluble food molecules.

Question 17

What does the large intestine do in the human body?

Answer 17

Absorbs water molecules from the remaining undigested food, allowing faeces to be produced.

Question 18

What is an organ system?

Answer 18

A group of organs that work together to perform a particular role.

Question 19

What 4 organs are in the digestive system.

Answer 19

Small intestine, large intestine, liver and stomach.

Question 20

Name the steps of the digestive system.

Answer 20

1. Glands, which produce digestive enzymes
2. Stomach, which digests food
3. Liver, which produces bile
4. Small intestine, which digests food and absorbs soluble food molecules
5. Large intestine, which absorbs water molecules from the remaining undigested food, allying faeces to be produced.

Question 21

What are organisms?

Answer 21

The highest level of organisation in a multicellular organism, consisting of many organ systems

Question 22

What is the more complex level of organisation: tissue or cell?

Answer 22

Tissue

Question 23

What do enzymes do?

Answer 23

Increase the speed of reactions

Question 24

What are enzymes often called?

Answer 24

Biological catalysts.

Question 25

In a lock and key situation, which is the active site and which is the substrate?

Answer 25

The active site is a lock and the substrate is like the key, it will only work if it fits in the active site.

Question 26

What is an enzyme?

Answer 26

A protein that increases the rate of a reaction.

Question 27

What does it mean if an enzyme in denatured?

Answer 27

It’s structure is altered and it can’t be a catalyst no more.

Question 28

Name 2 factors affecting the rate of enzyme action.

Answer 28

Temperature pH

Question 29

What happens when an enzyme reaches their optimum temperature?

Answer 29

The activity will begin to decrease.

Question 30

What does increasing the temperature initially do to an enzyme?

Answer 30

Increases the reacting activity.

Question 31

What happens to an enzyme last a certain temperature?

Answer 31

The enzyme becomes denatured as the active site (lock) changes shape.

Question 32

What happens if the pH is away from the optimum pH of the enzyme?

Answer 32

Activity will decrease and could even denature the enzyme.

Question 33

How do you calculate rate of reaction?

Answer 33

Change in mass / Change in time

Question 34

On a rate of reaction graph, if on the y axis there is a steep curve, what does it mean?

Answer 34

That the rate of reaction is fast.