Organisms & Environment Flashcards
Food chain
A diagram showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the next starting with a producer.
Food web
A network of interconnected food chains
Producer
An organism that makes its own organic nutrients using energy from the sunlight by photo synthesis
Consumer
An organism that gains its energy by feeding on other organisms
Herbivore
An organism that gains its energy from eating plants
Carnivore
An organism that gets its energy from eating animals
Decomposer
An organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material
Trophic level
The position of an organism in a food chain, food web, pyramid of biomass or pyramid of numbers.
Why does the energy level decrease with a higher trophic level?
- Respiration in organism breaks down organic nutrients
- Energy is wated in the form of heat
- Not all parts of the organism are eaten
- Some energy passes of of the animal in faeces
What is the efficiency between trophic levels?
10%
The more energy in a trophic level…
The more organisms exist on that trophic level
Pyramid of number
Each level shows the number of organisms on that trophic level.
The bigger to size of the bar the more organisms are represented.
Pyramids of biomass
Each bar represents the mass of organisms on each trophic level.
What is transferred in the food chain
Energy and sustances
