Organization of the Skeleton 3.2.1 Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Support, shape, movement, protection, blood cell production, and storage of minerals
What is the axial skeleton? and its components?
What is the appendicular skeleton and its components?
What are the major bone landmarks that are characteristics of both the axial and appendicular skeletons?
What is the appendicular skeleton?
Involves all the bones that are attached to the axial skeleton (arms & legs)
126 bones
Two categories:
-long bones: give height, ability to reach high places
-short bones: give mobility and agility
What is the axial skeleton?
Consists of all the bones located in the middle/center of the body
80 bones
two categories: flat and irregular
creates protective cages for the soft organs of the head, chest, and back
axial = middle of axis
What is the crest? (bone landmark)
Long ridge on a bone that provides a large area on the bone to connect to
-do not jut like a spine, but are longer than a tubercle
What is the foramen? (bone landmark)
Holes that go through or into a bone
-can be large or small
-Allow soft organs to communicate with the rest of the body without sacrificing the axial skeleton
-found in long bones
ex. brain to access rest of body
What is a ligament?
Piece of dense regular connective tissue that directly attaches to bones to secure and stabilize the area
binds bone to bone
What is a spine? (bone landmark)
A piece of bone that juts out from the rest of the main bone
-functions as sites where muscle can connect to the bone to help secure the muscle at a fixed point
-found mainly in the axial skeleton and back
What is cartilage?
supportive connective tissue that helps your bones glide with no friction
(articular cartilage, end of long bones)
What is a tubercle? (bone landmark)
A small mound that rises from the surface of the bone and serves as a site to for muscles to attach too
-found in the axial skeleton but more common in the appendicular skeleton (shoulder)
(small hill)
