Organs, Vasculature and Innervation of the Pelvis Flashcards
(28 cards)
When do the common iliac arteries form?
When the abdominal aorta bifurcates at L4
When do the common iliac arteries divide? What do they form?
L5/S1 common iliac divides to produce external and internal arteries
What do the external iliac arteries form?
Femoral artery
What do the internal iliac arteries form?
Anterior and posterior branch which supply the pelvic organs, perineum and some of the gluteal region
What is the anagram for remembering branches of the internal iliac artery?
I - ileolumbar Love - lateral sacral Going - gluteal Places - internal pudenal In - inferior vesical My - middle rectal Very - vaginal Own - obturator Underwear - umbilical and uterine
What is the primary blood supply of the perineum?
Internal pudenal artery
a branch of the anterior division of internal iliac artery
What are 3 main veins involved in the venous drainage of the perineum?
External iliac vein
Internal iliac vein
Common iliac vein
What allows free communication between the portal and systemic venous systems?
The rectal venous plexus
It surrounds the rectum
Describe the lymphatic drainage pathway in the pelvis
Internal and external iliac vessel nodes Common iliac nodes Lateral aortic and lumbar nodes Pre-aortic nodes Thoracic duct
Describe the path of the ureters
Run from the kidneys to the bladder
Cross over the pelvic brim
Pass anterior to the common iliac artery bifurcation
Turns medially to enter bladder base obliquely and posterosuperiorly
What are the 3 places the ureters can narrow?
Between ureters and renal pelvis
When passing over the pelvic brim
At the wall of the bladder
Where is the bladder located when empty? What about full?
When empty the bladder is located in the lesser pelvis
When it is full it extends into the abdominal cavity
Which urethra is longer, male or female?
Male urethra is longer than female and is divided into 4 parts
How much urine does the bladder contain when empty and when full?
When empty - contains 30ml urine
When full - contains 500ml-1L of urine at maximum
What epithelium is in the bladder?
Rigid transitional epithelium
Use 3 words to describe the urinary bladder?
Hollow, distensible and muscular
What is the prostate?
An unpaired accessory structure of the male reproductive system that surrounds the urethra in the pelvic cavity
What are pouches?
Reflections in the peritoneum
Where is the male pouch?
Between the bladder and rectum (rectovesical pouch)
Where are the female pouches?
Between bladder and uterus (vesicouterine pouch)
Between the uterus and rectum (pouch of Douglas)
What 3 things is the pelvis innervated by?
The sacral plexus
The coccygeal spinal nerve plexus
The pelvic autonomic nerves
What makes up the sacral plexus?
Sacral plexus is formed by the anterior rami of S1 to S4
With contributions from L4-5 (lumbosacral trunk)
What forms the coccygeal plexus?
Coccygeal plexus formed by the anterior rami of S4-Co
What happens to the pelvic autonomic nerves at the bifurcation of the aorta?
Changes name to the superior hypogastric plexus
