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Anatomy > Posterior Body Wall, Inguinal Region and Retroperitoneal Structures > Flashcards

Posterior Body Wall, Inguinal Region and Retroperitoneal Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin and insertion of psoas major?

A

Origin - transverse processes of vertebral bodies L1-5

Insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

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2
Q

What is the innervation of psoas major?

A

Lumbar Plexus

Anterior rami of L1-3

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3
Q

What is the action of psoas major?

A

Flexion of thigh at the hip
Lateral rotation of thigh
Lateral flexion of the vertebral column

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4
Q

What is the blood supply of psoas major?

A

Lumbar branch of the iliolumbar artery

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of psoas minor?

A

Origin - vertebral bodies of T12 and L1 vertebrae

Insertion - iliopubic eminece

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6
Q

What is the innervation of psoas minor?

A

Lumbar Plexus

Anterior ramus of L1

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7
Q

What is the action of psoas minor?

A

Weak trunk flexion

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8
Q

What is the blood supply of psoas minor?

A

Lumbar arteries

Some of psoas major blood supply

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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of quadratus lumborum?

A

Origin - iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament

Insertion - transverse process of L1-L4 and inferior border of 12th rib

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10
Q

What is the innervation of quadratus lumborum?

A 
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Anterior rami of L1-L4
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11
Q

What is the action of quadratus lumborum? (2 things)

A

Extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column

Fixes 12th rib during inspiration so that contraction of the diaphragm is not wasted

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12
Q

What is the blood supply of quadratus lumborum? (4 arteries)

A

Lumbar artery
Median sacral artery
Iliolumbar artery
Subcostal artery

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of iliacus?

A

Origin - iliac fossa

Insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

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14
Q

What is the action of iliacus?

A

Thigh flexion at the hip

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15
Q

What is the innervation of iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve

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16
Q

What is the blood supply of iliacus? (4 arteries)

A

Iliolumbar artery
Deep circumflex iliac artery
Obturator artery
Femoral artery

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17
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the external oblique muscles?

A

Origin - external surface of ribs 5-12

Insertion - linea alba, pubic tubercle and anterior 1/2 of iliac crest

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18
Q

What is the action of the external oblique muscles?

A

Trunk flexion, trunk rotation and expiration

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19
Q

What is the blood supply of the external oblique muscles? (3 arteries)

A

Lower posterior intercostal arteries
Subcostal artery
Deep circumflex artery

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20
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the internal oblique muscles?

A

Origin - anterior 2/3 of iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion - inferior border of ribs 10-12, linea alba and pubic crest

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21
Q

What is the action of the internal oblique muscles?

A

Trunk flexion, trunk rotation and expiration

22
Q

What is the innervation of the internal oblique muscles?

A 
Intercostal nerves (T7-11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)
Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
23
Q

What is the innervation of the external oblique muscles?

A 
Intercostal nerves (T7-11) 
Subcostal nerve (T12)
24
Q

What is the blood supply of the internal oblique muscles?

A

Lower posterior intercostal arteries
Subcostal artery
Deep circumflex artery

25
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the transverse abdominis?

A

Origin - costa cartilages of ribs 7-12, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion - linea alba and pubic crest

26
Q

What is the action of transversus abdominis?

A

Expiration and trunk rotation

27
Q

What is the innervation of transversus abdominis?

A 
Intercostal nerves (T7-T11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)
Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
28
Q

What is the blood supply of transversus abdominis? (4 arteries)

A

Lower posterior intercostal arteries
Subcostal artery
Deep circumflex artery
Posterior lumbar arteries

29
Q

What is the origin and insertion of rectus abdominis?

A

Origin - pubic symphysis, pubic crest

Insertion - xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

30
Q

What is the innervation of rectus abdominis?

A 
Intercostal nerves (T7-11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
31
Q

What is the action of rectus abdominis?

A

Trunk flexion

Expiration

32
Q

What is the blood supply of rectus abdominis?

A

Inferior and superior epigastric arteries

Deep circumflex arteries

33
Q

Give the order of components of the abdominal wall. (6)

A 
Outside to inside:
External oblique 
External oblique aponeurosis 
Internal oblique 
Transversus abdominis 
Transversialis fascia 
Peritoneum
34
Q

Where is the inguinal canal? In what direction does it travel?

A

Between ASIS and pubic tubercle

Travels inferomedially

35
Q

What is the inguinal formed by?

A

Relocation of the ovaries and testes in development

36
Q

What are the anterior, posterior, floor and roof of the inguinal canal?

A

Anterior - Aponeurosis of external oblique msucle
Posterior - Transversialis fasia
Floor - Inguinal ligament
Roof - Arching fibres from transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles

37
Q

What is the contents of the inguinal canal in men?

A

Ilioinguinal nerve
Blood vessels
Lymphatic
Spermatic cord

38
Q

What is the contents of the inguinal canal in women?

A 
Ilioinguinal nerve 
Blood vessels 
Lymphatics 
Round ligament of the uterys 
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
39
Q

What is a hernia?

A

A direct protrusion of abdominal viscera through a weakening in the abdominal wall

40
Q

What is the most common type of hernaia?

A

Indirect inguinal hernia (70%)

41
Q

Why are hernias more common in men?

A

They have a larger inguinal canal

42
Q

What is a direct hernia?

A

Though weakened part of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal
Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

43
Q

What is an indirect hernia?

A

Through the deep ring and superficial ring

Medial to inferior epigastric vessels

44
Q

What is the level of the left and right kidneys?

A

Left - T12-L2

Right - L1-L3

45
Q

What is the blood supply to the kidneys? How is this then divided?

A

Renal artery - a branch from the aorta

Divides into anterior and posterior branches at the hilum

46
Q

What does the anterior branch of the renal artery divide into?

A 
Segmental arteries:
Apical 
Anterior 
Anterior inferior 
Inferior
47
Q

What happens to the blood supply of the kidney at the level of the minor calyces?

A

Anterior renal artery divides into interlobar arteries

48
Q

What are the interlobar arteries at the base of renal pyramids called?

A

Arcuate arteries

49
Q

What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?

A 
Interlobar arteries drain the nephron 
To arcuate veins 
To interlobar veins 
To renal veins 
To IVC
50
Q

What is the innervation of the kidney?

A

Sympathetic innervation from renal plexus

From celiac plexus and splanchnic nerves

51
Q

What are the suprarenal glands?

A

Endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and steroids aldosterone and cortisol

52
Q

What do the iliohypogastric and ilionguinal nerves innervate? (2 things)

A

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis

Anatomy (9 decks)

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