Origins Of The Cold War 1941-58

Question 1

Tehran conference 1943

Answer 1

•ussr wage war on japan once Germany is defeated
•area of eastern Poland added to the ussr
•UN to be set up after the war

Question 2

Yalta conference 1945

Answer 2

•Allowed countries liberated from german occupation to hold free elections
•Divided Germany/Berlin into 4 zones
•UN joined
•Eastern Europe would be a soviet sphere of influence

Question 3

Potsdam conference 1945

Answer 3

•Germany and Berlin to be split into 4 zones
•German demilitarised
•Democracy in Germany
•Germany has to pay heavy Allies for damages(results in lots of debt)

Question 4

Long telegram

Answer 4

Kennan who was a Us official in Moscow recommended US action against soviet expansion

Question 5

Atomic bomb

Answer 5

Us successfully tested their first atomic bomb during the Potsdam conference which began an arms race against the Ussr

Question 6

Satellite states

Answer 6

Ussr established communist states in most countries in eastern europe

Question 7

Novikov telegram

Answer 7

Soviet ambassador to the usa warned Stalin that the us wanted to dominate the world

Question 8

Truman doctrine

Answer 8

Committed the us to containment of communism (stopping the spread of communism) worsening relations

Question 9

Marshall plan 1947

Answer 9

America gave finance to the poorer countries threatened by communism to prevent them from turning. (Between 1948-52 US gave $12.7billion to countries in Europe)

Question 10

Cominform 1947

Answer 10

Set up by Stalin,organised all communist parties in Europe-encouraged all communist parties to block the Marshall plan assistance

Question 11

Comecon 1949

Answer 11

Economic organisation aiming to help out communist countries economically in Eastern europe by encouraging trades between them

Question 12

NATO 1949

Answer 12

In response to the creation of Comecon and Coniform the Us and western European countries created a military allience

Question 13

Berlin blockade

Answer 13

•Britain,France and USA merged zones in Berlin
•Capitalism was drawing people way from communist east Berlin towards west berlin
•Stalin cut off all transportation to west Berlin to force the people into submission by starving then(Jun1948)
•West Berlin responded with an airlift transporting supplies and fuel for 10months
•Stalin calls off the blockade after 10months (1949)

Question 14

When did Stalin die and who took over after him?

Answer 14

Stalin died in 1953 and in 1955 Khrushchev took over power in the USSR with the goal of destalinising russia

Question 15

Warsaw pact 1955

Answer 15

West germany joined NATO so stalin created and equivalent military alliance of communist countries controlled by the USSR

Question 16

Causes of the Hungarian uprising (Oct 1956)

Answer 16

•lack of political freedom
•fuel or shortages
•poor harvests
•destalinisation

Question 17

The Hungarian uprising oct 1956

Answer 17

•secret police attacked by rioters
•Nagy took over Hungary on oct 24th and promised promised freedom and provided democracy
•Khrushchev ordered a soviet invasion resulting in 20,000deaths and a communist government set up

Question 18

Consequences of the Hungarian uprising

Answer 18

•Khrushchevs position became stronger as he was more feared
•200,000 Hungarians fled to Austria as refugees
•Showed that the West would not help Eastern Europe
•western leaders determined on containing communism