ORL Samplex notes

Question 1

most common type of skin cancer

Answer 1

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

What specific branch of the facial nerve does the schirmer’s test evaluate?

Answer 2

Lacrimal nerve

branch of V1 which produces cutaneous innervation to the conjunctiva.

Evaluates reflex tear production from irritation of cinjunctiva

Question 3

where does the facial nerve exit as it becomes extracranial?

Answer 3

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 4

Abnormal form or position of the body caused by non disruptive mechanical forces is called

Answer 4

Deformation

Question 5

Morphologic defect of an organ, part of an organ, or larger region of the body resulting from a breakdown or interface with, an originally normal developmental process

Answer 5

Disruption

Question 6

A morphologic defect of an organ, aprt of an organ, or a larger region of the body resulting from an intrisically abnormal development?

Answer 6

Malformation

Question 7

Vascular endothelium and muscle are of which embryonic origin?

Answer 7

Mesoderma

Question 8

Cleft palate may result when..

Answer 8

Defective growth of palatal shelves

Failure of the shelves to attain a horizonal position

Lack of contact between shelves

Rupture after fusion of shelves

Question 9

What classification system is used to categorize cleft lip and palate?

Answer 9

Thallwitz Classification

Question 10

Management of CLAP (0-6 mos)

Answer 10

Initial evaluation

Fabrication of intra-oral appliance with monthly modification

Otologic evaluation

Vocal Play and initial parent counseling

General pediatric evaluation and immunizations

Question 11

Management of CLAP (6-12 months)

Answer 11

CLAP surgery

Speech therapy

Continued pedia follow up

Dental evaluation and care during primary tooth eruption

Question 12

Management of CLAP (1-5 years)

Answer 12

Secondary assessment and correction

Psychiatric Evaluation

Question 13

Management of CLAP (8-10 years)

Answer 13

Alveolar bone grafting

Continue orthodontic follow up

Speech therapy

Question 14

management of Clap (16-18 years)

Answer 14

Orthognathic surgery

Question 15

Management of CLAP (19 years)

Answer 15

Aesthetic surgery

Question 16

Rare congenital disorder characterized by abducens and facial nerve palsy, metal retardation, limb malformation, and poland anomaly

Answer 16

Mobius sequence

Question 17

Pierre Robin sequence triad

Answer 17

Mandibular micro-retrognathia

glossoptosis

Cleft of the secondary palate and upper airway obstruction

Question 18

What cell groups and material predominate during the inflammatory stage of wound healing?

Answer 18

Lymphocytes

Question 19

What cell groups and material predominate during the proliferative stage of wound healing?

Answer 19

Fibroblasts

Question 20

House-brackman grade of facial nerve movement

Answer 20

I - Normal

II - Slight weakness on close inspection

III-Obvious weakness, not disfiguring

IV- Obvious Disfiguring weakness

V- Motion barely perceptible

VI - No movement, loss of tone, no synkenesis, contracture or spasm

Question 21

Change in pressure within an elastic medium

Answer 21

Sound

Question 22

What is the average human threshold for sound to e Painful

Answer 22

120 decibels

Question 23

Highest frequency perceived by human hearing

Answer 23

20,000 Hz

Question 24

That test compares a patien’ts air and bone conduction hearing?

Answer 24

Rinne

Question 25

What forms the roof of the middle ear space?

Answer 25

Tegmen tympani

Question 26

Muscle that controls the opening of ET

Answer 26

Tensor veli palitini

Question 27

The semi-circular canals are oriented at ___degrees to each other?

Answer 27

90

Question 28

What audiometric test is employed as part of the newborn screening?

Answer 28

Otoacoustic emissions

Question 29

Most common organism involved in diffuse otitis externa

Answer 29

Pseudomonas

Question 30

Usual infecting organism in localized otitis externa

Answer 30

S. aureus

Question 31

usual Pathogens causing otomycosis

Answer 31

Aspergillus albicans Pitysporum Aspergillus niger

Question 32

What otoscopic finding is consistent with barotrauma?

Answer 32

Hemotymparium

Question 33

Drug-induced hearing loss

Answer 33

Aminoglycosides Loop diuretics Salicylate

Question 34

Most ommon presentation of an acoustic neuroma

Answer 34

Unilateral hearing loss

Question 35

Most common organism found in chronic suppurative otitis media

Answer 35

Proteus

Question 36

A MRI with gadolinium contrast shows an enhancing lesion in the IAC.

Answer 36

Acoustic neuroma

Question 37

Function of alar nasalis

Answer 37

Constrictor

Question 38

Gland that covers the nasal epithelium

Answer 38

Bowman's gland

Question 39

Potential side effecct of chronic use of topical nasal decongestant

Answer 39

Atrophic rhinitis (rhinitis medicamentosa)

Question 40

Paranasal sinus not presentat birth

Answer 40

Frontal sinus

Question 41

Arnold's nerve

Answer 41

10

Question 42

Jacobson's Nerve

Answer 42

9

Question 43

Bst radiograph for sphenoid sinus?

Answer 43

Lateral

Question 44

Complication of delayed treatment of a septal hematoma

Answer 44

Maxillary sinusitis

Question 45

Most common cause of profuse epistaxis in the elderly?

Answer 45

Hypertension

Question 46

Most common site of origin of a nasopharyngeal cancer?

Answer 46

Fossa of Rosenmuller

Question 47

To which cervical lymph node group does a NPCA spread first?

Answer 47

Level 2

Question 48

How many teeth are there in the adult

Answer 48

32

Question 49

Where in the mouth is the opening of the Wharton's duct?

Answer 49

Near the lingual frenulum

Question 50

Duct of the sublingual gland?

Answer 50

Duct of Rivinus

Question 51

Average volume of saliva produced per day?

Answer 51

1000 mL

Question 52

which salivary gland is most prone to formation of sialolithiasis?

Answer 52

Submandibular gland More alkaline and viscous, Higher concentration of calcium and phosphate, Length and irregular course of duct, Position of the ductal orifice

Question 53

What nerve supplies the main tensor of the vocal cord?

Answer 53

External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Question 54

Where is the best location to put in a tracheostomy tube?

Answer 54

Tracheal rings 2-4

Question 55

What nerve supplies taste to the posterior third of the tongue?

Answer 55

CN 9

Question 56

What uscle makes up the anterior tonsillar pillar?

Answer 56

Palatoglossus

Question 57

What makes up the posterior tonsillar pillar?

Answer 57

Palatopharyngeus

Question 58

Most common larungeal abnormality in the newborn characterized by inspiratory stridor?

Answer 58

laryngomalacia

Question 59

Thumb sign in neck lateral x-ray

Answer 59

epiglotitis

Question 60

The right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the ....

Answer 60

Right subclavian artery

Question 61

Where are the 1st echelon lymph nodes for spread from papillary thyroid cancer

Answer 61

Level 6

Question 62

Where are the first echelon lymph nodes for spread from high grade parotid cancer?

Answer 62

Level 1,2,3

Question 63

Where are the first echelon lymph nodes for spread from T3 tongue cancer

Answer 63

Level 2, 3,4

Question 64

Where are the first echelon lymph nodes for spread from T4 glottic cancer?

Answer 64

level 2,3,4

Question 65

Horner's syndrome

Answer 65

ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

Question 66

Human papilloma virus is strongly associated with..

Answer 66

oral cancer

Question 67

EBV is stongly associated with

Answer 67

NPCA

Question 68

Cause dby abnomal re-innervation of the Parasympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 68

Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating)

Question 69

Most common malignant tumor of the parotid gland

Answer 69

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Question 70

Most common malignant tumor of the sublingual gland in adults

Answer 70

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Question 71

Most common benign tumor of the parotid in adults

Answer 71

benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma)

Question 72

Most common benign tumor of the parotid gland in children

Answer 72

Hemangioma

Question 73

What anatomic landmark separates level 2 from the level 4 lymph nodes in the neck?

Answer 73

Hyoid bone

Question 74

What anatomic landmark separates level 2a from level 2b LN in the neck?

Answer 74

Spinal accesory nerve