Orofacial Complex: Form and Function

Question 1

shape plays an important part of function with the teeth. what are 4 components of shape and function?

Answer 1

1. speech, jaw function
2. arch form
3. temporomandibular joint function
4. integration of form, function, and esthetics

Question 2

form has to do with the biomechanical contributions in maintaining _____

Answer 2

function

Question 3

“form follows function” is a relationship between esthetics and optimal occlusion. what are 2 components of esthetics and optimal occlusion?

Answer 3

1. physical forces and periodontal ligament
2. TMJ function

Question 4

what is the significance of the curve of spee in relation to “form follows function”?

Answer 4

proper articulation of teeth

Question 5

what is the definition of contact areas?

Answer 5

proximal heights of contour of the mesial or distal surface of the tooth that touches its adjacent tooth in the same arch

Question 6

T or F:

proximal contact areas are points, not areas

Answer 6

false:

they are areas, not points

Question 7

can excess occlusal forces result in loss of supporting tissues?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

proper proximal contact areas prevent food from packing between the teeth, which may become ______

Answer 8

pathologic

Question 9

proper proximal contact areas provide _____ for arch

Answer 9

stabilization

Question 10

proper proximal contact areas must be observed from which 2 views?

Answer 10

facial and occlusal

Question 11

proper proximal contact areas provide support for all teeth with the exception of which?

Answer 11

distal of 3rd molars

Question 12

____ and ____ do not drift distally due to angulation of occlusal surfaces and roots

Answer 12

2nd and 3rd molars

Question 13

pathologic conditions resulting from lack of proper proximal contact areas include what?

Answer 13

• gingivitis
• bone loss with attachment loss (periodontitis)

Question 14

what is the point contact?

Answer 14

• initially, as teeth erupt, the teeth contact each other at a specific point (the point contact)
• with the passage of time, physiologic tooth movement causes frictional wear enlarging the contact point to the contact area

Question 15

proper contact preserves the ____ and ____ of the arch by maintaining normal mesiodistal relationship of teeth

Answer 15

stability and integrity

Question 16

proper contact prevents food impaction _____

Answer 16

interdentally

Question 17

proper contact protects the soft tissue from ______

Answer 17

periodontal disease

Question 18

proper contact conserves the teeth from ____

Answer 18

proximal caries

Question 19

premature restorative failure does not occur if ____ ____ ____ is present

Answer 19

stable proximal contact

Question 20

interproximal spaces are ____ in shape to allow for ____ _____.

Answer 20

• triangular
• gingival papillae

Question 21

in interproximal spaces, the base of the triangle is the ____ and the apex is the _____

Answer 21

• alveolar process
• contact area

Question 22

T or F:

size and shape of interproximal spaces vary with individual teeth

Answer 22

true

Question 23

normally, there will be ____ between CEJ and crest of alveolar bone

Answer 23

1.0-1.5mm

Question 24

T or F:

surface keratinization and dense elastic fibers maintain ginngival tissues form more trauma from mastication and bacterial invasion

Answer 24

true

Question 25

\_\_\_\_ of the teeth at the cervix and ____ of roots allow for the proper anchoring of the teeth and tissues

Answer 25

* narrowing * tapering

Question 26

what are embrasures?

Answer 26

curvatures adjacent to the contact areas

Question 27

what are the 5 types of embrasures?

Answer 27

1. labial interproximal 2. buccal interproximal 3. lingual interproximal 4. incisal 5. occlusal

Question 28

identify the following 3 structures

Answer 28

Question 29

what is the definition of contours?

Answer 29

denotes some degree of convexities and concavities on the facial/buccal and lingual surfaces of all the teeth that affords protection to the supporting tissues during mastication

Question 30

buccal and lingual contours _____ food away from _____ during mastication

Answer 30

* deflect * gingival margins

Question 31

the height of contour of the facial surface is where?

Answer 31

cervical 1/3 of all teeth

Question 32

the height of contour of the lingual surface is where?

Answer 32

* cervical 1/3 of incisors and canines * middle 1/3 of premolars and molars

Question 33

under-contouring can lead to \_\_\_\_

Answer 33

food impaction

Question 34

what are 3 main types of contours?

Answer 34

* faciolingual contour * proximal contour * occlusal contour

Question 35

what is the result of over-contouring restorations?

Answer 35

deflection of food away from the gingiva, causing poor gingival stimulation

Question 36

what is the height of epithelial attachment?

Answer 36

curves of the cervical lines

Question 37

epithelial attachment seals the ____ of the tooth

Answer 37

soft tissue

Question 38

T or F: height of epithelial attachment can be adjusted to different conditions and changes

Answer 38

true

Question 39

height of epithelial attachment is vulnerable to ____ caused mostly by careless treatment

Answer 39

injury

Question 40

injury to height of epithelial attachment can create an ongoing pathologic condition of what?

Answer 40

more breakdown

Question 41

height of the gingival tissue _____ and ____ is directly related to the height of attachment

Answer 41

mesially and distally

Question 42

normal height of epithelial attachment follows the \_\_\_\_\_, assuming \_\_\_\_

Answer 42

curvature of the cervical line, assuming normal tooth alignment and contact with other teeth

Question 43

extent of curvature of cervical line depends on _____ above the crown cervix

Answer 43

height of contact area

Question 44

extent of curvature of cervical line depends on the ___ and ___ of the crown labiolingually and buccolingually

Answer 44

size and diameter

Question 45

posterior teeth have ____ accentuated cervical line curves

Answer 45

less

Question 46

what is the location of contact in anterior teeth?

Answer 46

incisal 1/3

Question 47

what is the location of contact in posterior teeth?

Answer 47

junction of incisal and middle 1/3

Question 48

teeth show convexities on the ___ and ___ surfaces

Answer 48

distal and mesial

Question 49

the area with maximal convexity on the proximal surface is called the \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 49

proximal height of contour

Question 50

the proximal height of contour is responsible for the creation of what?

Answer 50

* proximal contact * embrasure space

Question 51

what 2 ways does tooth form relates to the form of supporting structures?

Answer 51

* food impaction * trauma to gingival tissues

Question 52

what are the 5 considerations of fundamental curvatures related to restorations?

Answer 52

1. proximal contacts 2. interproximal spaces 3. embrasures 4. labial and buccal contours at cervical 1/3 and lingual contours 5. curvatures of cervical lines on mesial and distal surfaces