ortho

Question 1

difference betwen primary osteomalacia and secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 1

Primary osteomalacia usually gives a low phosphate

Osteomalacia secondary to CKD (example in secondary hyperparathyroidism) may have high phosphate

Question 2

who should be assessed for osteoperosis

Answer 2

-women aged >= 65 years
-men aged >= 75 years

anyone high risk osteoperosis:
-prev fragility frature
-steroid therapy
-FH hip factures
-other causes of secondary osteopersis (RA, endocrine, low BMI, lots of smoking, lots of alcohol)

Question 3

methods of assessing fracture risk

Answer 3

Q fracture

FRAX

Question 4

who gets to bipass calculating fracture risk for a DEXA

Answer 4

> 50 years of age with a history of fragility fracture

< 40 years of age who have a major risk factor for fragility fracture
- these patients should be referred to a specialist depending on the T-score
before starting treatments that may have a rapid adverse effect on bone density (for example, sex hormone deprivation for treatment for breast or prostate cancer)

Question 5

main neuro compromise scaphoid fracture

Answer 5

dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery

Question 6

most common reason for THR to be revised

Answer 6

Aseptic loosening