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Pediatrics > Orthopedic Diagnosis Classifications > Flashcards

Orthopedic Diagnosis Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

DDH

Profile

A

-birth

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2
Q

Legg-Calve Perthes

Profile

A

2-13 years

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3
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Profile

A

Boys: 10-17 years
Girls: 8-15 years

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4
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Profile

A

Boys: 10-15 years
Girls: 8-13 years

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5
Q

DDH

Incidence

A
  • male>female
  • left>right
  • black>white
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6
Q

DDH

Observation

A
  • short limb

- asymmetrical thigh folds

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7
Q

DDH

Position

A

-hips flexed and abducted

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8
Q

DDH

History

A
  • may be breech birth

- often associated with torticollis

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9
Q

DDH

ROM

A

Limited hip abduction

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10
Q

DDH

Special Tests

A
  • Galeazzi
  • Barlow
  • Ortalani
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11
Q

DDH

Radiologic findings

A
  • upward and lateral hip displacement

- delayed development of acetabulum

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12
Q

DDH

Intervention

A
  • Birth-9 months: hip flexion/abduction–Pavlik harnes
  • 9 Months+: abduction orthosis (allow walking)
  • > 6 months with dislocated/dislocatable hips: surgery (open or closed reduction)
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13
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Incidence

A
  • male>female
  • rare in blacks
  • 15% bilateral
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14
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Observation

A
  • short limb
  • high gr trochanter
  • quad atrophy
  • adductor spasm
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15
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Pain

A
  • gradual onset

- ache hip/thigh/knee

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16
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

History

A
  • 20-25% familial
  • LBW
  • growth delay
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17
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

ROM

A

-limited hip abd/extension

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18
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Gait

A

-antalgic after activity

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19
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Radiologic findings

A

-in stages: increased density, fragmentation, flattening of epiphysis

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20
Q

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Intervention

A
  • may not be necessary
  • bracing/casts: preserve contour of fem head and keep in acetabulum
  • obtain/maintain hip ROM
  • surgery
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21
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Incidence

A
  • male>female

- black>white

22
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Observation

A
  • Short limb
  • obese
  • quad atrophy
  • adductor spasm
23
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Pain

A
  • vague in knee/thigh/hip

- pain in extreme motion

24
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

History

A

-trauma

25
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

ROM

A
  • limited hip IR/ABD/Flex

- increased hip ER

26
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Gait

A
  • Acute: antalgic

- Chronic: trendelenberg, hip ER

27
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Radiologic Findings

A

-displacement of upper femoral epiphysis

28
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Intervention

A
  • surgical fixation to keep displacement to minimum
  • maintain ROM
  • delay/prevent premature degen arthritis
29
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Incidence

A
  • male>female

- 25-33% bilateral

30
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Observation

A

-swelling at insertion of patellar tendon

31
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Pain

A
  • activity-related
  • at insertion of patellar tendon
  • acute or gradual
32
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

History

A

-brought on by running or sports

33
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Gait

A

-antalgic

34
Q

Osgood-Schlatter

Intervention

A
  • rest, ice, compression
  • decrease activity
  • avoid squat/jump
  • severe may require cast immobilization
35
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

DF ROM

A

-full

36
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

Foot Shape

A
  • kidney shaped

- forefoot medially deviated

37
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

Heel Position

A

-hindfoot valgus

38
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

Intervention: Grade I

A
  • no treatment

- resolves by 4-6 months

39
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

Intervention: Grade II

A

-stretching and corrective shoes

40
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

Intervention: Grade III

A
  • Manipulation
  • serial casting
  • corrective shoes
41
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

DF ROM

A

No

42
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

Foot Shape

A
  • kidney shaped

- forefoot medially deviated

43
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

Heel Position

A
  • small calcaneus

- hindfoot varus with equinus of ankle

44
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

Intervention

A
  • manipulation

- serial casting

45
Q

Positional Calcaneovalgus

DF ROM

A

-full/excessive

46
Q

Positional Calcaneovalgus

Foot Shape

A
  • banana shaped

- deviated laterally

47
Q

Positional Calcaneovalgus

Heel Position

A

-hindfoot valgus

48
Q

Positional Calcaneovalgus

Intervention

A
  • no treatment necessary

- resolves spontaneously

49
Q

Flexible Flat Foot

Foot Shape

A

-longitudinal arch decreases/disappears in standing

50
Q

Flexible Flat Foot

Intervention

A
  • natural history of improvement
  • little evidence to support the use of special shoes/arch supports
  • use of lightweight running shoe with arch support/strong counter may decrease wear on medial border of shoes

Pediatrics (13 decks)

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