Orthotics Review

Question 1

DAFO Indications

Dynamic AFO

Answer 1

Flexible Pes Planus
Mild to moderate spastic diplegic
Hemiplegic CP
Hypotonic CP

Question 2

DAFO Contraindications

Answer 2

Rigid foot deformities

Question 3

UCBL Indications

Answer 3

Pronation control, flexible pes planus, OA of the hindfoot, post tib dysfunction, tarsal coalition, rearfoot valgus/varus

Question 4

UCBL Contraindications

Answer 4

Toe walker, mod-high tone, ankle arthritis (rigid foot deformities)

Question 5

Supramaleolar Orthosis Indications

Answer 5

Severe Pes Planus, Mild Ankle instability, low tone (hypotonic), Intermittent toe walkers, mild to moderate CP, tarsal coalition, post tib dysfunction

Question 6

Suprmaleolar Orthosis (SMO) Contraindications

Answer 6

high tone (hypertonicity), sagittal plane, weakness deformity, dominate toe walkers, equinovarus/valgus

Question 7

Bilateral Metal Upright AFO Indications

Answer 7

Foot drop, post polio, neuropathic feet, ankle varus/valgus, foot drop with uncontrolled edema, poor skin below the knee

Question 8

Bilateral Metal Upright AFRO Contraindications

Answer 8

patients concern with bulk/weight, limit shoe wear

Question 9

Free motion/articulated/Hinge AFO Indications

Answer 9

posterior tib dysfunction

subtalar or talar joint instabilities

Question 10

Free motion/articulated/Hinge AFO contraindications

Answer 10

Weak Quads, Sagital plane ankle weakness

high impact sports, too bulky

Question 11

Dorisflexion assist AFO Indications

Answer 11

DF weakness, toe clearance while allowing some PF

Question 12

DF assist AFO contraindications

Answer 12

moderate to severe tone levels

altered knee control - knee buckles/hyperextended

Question 13

Posterior stops in AFO Indications

Answer 13

Structural collapse of the ankle foot, severe spasticity

immobilize ankle in swing and stance phase

Only PF stop/free DF then it facilitates knee flexion in early stance

Question 14

Posterior stops in AFO Contraindications

Answer 14

inadequate hip strength, absent quads, fluctuating edema, spastic gastroc (pushes too hard against brace)

Question 15

DF/anterior stop Indications

Answer 15

weak PF and weak quads

Facilitates knee extension and stiff ankle in late stance

Question 16

DF/anterior stop contraindications

Answer 16

DF weakness, knee hyperextension, foot drop

Question 17

Limited DF and PF atriculated AFO

Answer 17

limits both DF/PF to some degree

Pretty screwed up knee, needs control rolling over and with foot drop

Question 18

Solid Ankle Foot Orthosis (SAFO) indications

Answer 18

Ankle instability/weakness in more than one plane, equino varus, moderate-severe pes plano valgus, mild-moderate genu recurvatum

Question 19

Posterior Leaf Spring Indications

Answer 19

mild-moderate foot drop and knee hyperextension

Increase limits of PF. Patient needs adequate knee, hip, and ankle plantar flexion strength

Question 20

Posterior Leaf Spring Contraindications

Answer 20

moderate to severe spasticity, coronal plane ankle instability, ankle dorsiflexion limitations/fused joint, severe knee instability

Question 21

Spiral AFO Indications

Answer 21

Ankle DF weakness and/or PF ALONG with mild-moderate medial-lateral instability

Question 22

Spiral AFO Contraindications

Answer 22

Inadequate hip strength, moderate-severe spasticity, severe medial lateral ankle instability, fluctuating edema

Question 23

Ground Floor Reaction AFO Indications

Answer 23

crouched gait, foot drop with knee instability, quad weakness, MS, Spina Bifida patients

good alternative to KAFO if they have enough quad strength to maintain knee stability

Question 24

FRO Contraindications

Answer 24

Genu recurvatum, ACL, severely ER feet, no enough trunk/quad strength, not good for knees moving into hyperextension

Question 25

Helio SAFO FRO

Answer 25

Tri planar control dynamic response with strapless design

Question 26

AFO decision making prescription

Answer 26

Patient has decreased ankle strength OR impaired/absent proprioception at the ankle/knee OR ankle plantar flexor spasticity that my include varus