OS 203 2 Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, Hand - Sheet1

Question 1

Attachment of forearm flexors

Answer 1

Medial epicondyle (and supracondylar ridge)

Question 2

Attachment of forearm extensors

Answer 2

Lateral epicondyle (and supracondylar ridge)

Question 3

Parts of the humerus that are in contact with nerves (4)

Answer 3

Axillary - surgical neck; Radial - radial nerve; Median - distal; Ulnar - Medial epicondyle

Question 4

Intercondylar fracture can result from?

Answer 4

severe fall from flexed arm (may lead to separation of parts of the humeral shaft)

Question 5

Attachment of brachialis tendon on the ulna

Answer 5

Ulnar tuberosity

Question 6

Attachment of deep part of supinator

Answer 6

Supinator crest & fossa (next to the tuberosity)

Question 7

Accomodates scaphoid and lunate carpals

Answer 7

Styloid process of radius

Question 8

Passage of tendons of forearm muscles (radius)

Answer 8

Dorsal tuberosity (Lister’s tubercle)

Question 9

Attachment of biceps brachii

Answer 9

Radial tuberosity

Question 10

Transfers force from radius and ulna to humerus

Answer 10

Middle radioulnar (articulation)

Question 11

3 ligaments in the elbow

Answer 11

Ulnar collateral, Lateral/radial collateral, Annular

Question 12

3 bands ulnar collateral ligament (strongest, weakest, deepens trochlea)

Answer 12

Anterior oblique ulnar (strongest), Posterior oblique (weakest), Transverse/Oblique ulnar (deepens trochlea)

Question 13

Chief (2) and secondary (2) flexors of the elbow

Answer 13

Chief - brachialis and biceps brachii; Secondary - brachioradialis and pronator teres

Question 14

Chief extensor of elbow

Answer 14

Triceps brachii (medial head)

Question 15

Extensor retinaculum is continuous with?

Answer 15

Palmar carpal ligament (anterior)

Question 16

Prime mover of forearm pronation

Answer 16

Pronator quadratus (assisted by teres)

Question 17

Superficial layer = (3)

Answer 17

Brachioradialis + ECRL + ECRB

Question 18

The only muscles of the posterior compartment that do not cross (2). Can these act at the wrist?

Answer 18

Brachioradialis, supinator. Nope.

Question 19

Extensor carpi ulnaris has 2 heads…

Answer 19

Humeral head (from common extensory tendon), Ulnar head (arising from common aponeurosis attached to posterior ulna, shared with FCU & FDP)

Question 20

Indispensable when clenching the fist (2)

Answer 20

ECRL, ECU

Question 21

Elbow pain (2)

Answer 21

Tennis elbow (pain in lateral epicondyle); Golfer’s elbow (pain in medial epicondyle)

Question 22

Functional contribution to total hand fxn (5)

Answer 22

Thumb 40, Index 20, Middle 20, Ring 10, Little 10

Question 23

Loss of hand fxn equates to (2)

Answer 23

Loss 90 upper ex fxn, Loss 54 entire fxn

Question 24

Nerves: power grip, precision grip

Answer 24

power - ulnar; precision - median

Question 25

May be injured in hamate fracture

Answer 25

Ulnar nerve and artery (compromise grip strength)

Question 26

What kind of joint? Radiocarpal

Answer 26

Condyloid

Question 27

What kind of joint? Intercarpal

Answer 27

Arthrodial (gliding joint/plane join)

Question 28

What kind of joint? 1st carpometacarpal joint

Answer 28

Sellar (saddle)

Question 29

What kidn of joint? Metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 29

Ginglymus

Question 30

Flexor retinaculum and palmaris longus tendon are continuous with

Answer 30

Palmar aponeurosis

Question 31

Palmar aponeurosis is thick in the fingers... what is it called?

Answer 31

Digital sheaths

Question 32

Base of palmar aponeurosis

Answer 32

Superficial transverse metacarpal ligament

Question 33

Skin ligaments that hold the palmar skin close to the aponeurosis

Answer 33

Retinacula cutis

Question 34

Tendon deepest and most radial in the forearm

Answer 34

Flexor pollicis longus

Question 35

Involved in trigger finger

Answer 35

A1

Question 36

Most impt annular ligaments

Answer 36

A2, 4

Question 37

Annular ligaments prevent what

Answer 37

Bowstringing of tendons when extended

Question 38

Compartments of the hand (5)

Answer 38

Thenar, Adductor (ad poll), Hypothenar, Central (lumbricals), Interosseus (interossei)

Question 39

Only muscles that originate and insert into other tendons

Answer 39

Lumbricals

Question 40

If musculocutaneous nerve is damaged, can elbow still be flexed and forearm be supined? Sensation?

Answer 40

Yes, though weakly. Kahit wala na yung coracob, biceps, and brachialis, meron pa ring brachioradialis and supinator. However, loss of sensation may occur sa lateral surface ng forearm (supplied by antebrachial cutaneous nerve).

Question 41

Hand circulation comes from? (2)

Answer 41

30% radial 70% ulnar