OS 203 2 Shoulder and Arm - Sheet1

Question 1

5 joints of pectoral girdle

Answer 1

vertebrocostal, costosternal, sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral

Question 2

2 articulations of pectoral girdle

Answer 2

subacromial, scapulothoracic

Question 3

least movement among the joints of the girdle

Answer 3

vertebrocostal, costosternal, sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral

Question 4

sternoclavicular - mobility

Answer 4

greeeat

Question 5

costosternal - mobility

Answer 5

little

Question 6

what is the glenoid labrum

Answer 6

cartilage surrounding the rim of the glenoid fossa

Question 7

glenoid labrum deepens the fossa by _ and increases depth by _

Answer 7

deepens by 2.5 mm, increases depth by 100%

Question 8

reduces glenoid depth by 50%

Answer 8

anterior labral detachment

Question 9

which among the anterior (superior, middle, inferior) ligaments is the strongest

Answer 9

middle

Question 10

which among the anterior (superior, middle, inferior) ligaments is the weakest

Answer 10

inferior

Question 11

rotator cuff synergism

Answer 11

supraspinatus-teres minor; subscapularis-antagonist-infraspinatus

Question 12

supraspinatus vector

Answer 12

up

Question 13

infraspinatus vector

Answer 13

down

Question 14

subscapularis

Answer 14

down

Question 15

glenohumeral abduction:scapulothoracic articulation

Answer 15

2 is to 1 (for every 2 deg glenohumeral abduction, 1 deg scapulothoracic articulation)

Question 16

components of the intricate collateral system

Answer 16

circumflex scapular artery, circumflex humeral artery

Question 17

supplies blood to the dorsum of scapula

Answer 17

circumflex scapular artery (also anastomoses around scapula)

Question 18

encircles surgical neck of humerus, anastomosing w each other

Answer 18

circumflex humeral artery

Question 19

anterior & posterior circumflex humeral artery: size, supplies blood to where

Answer 19

anterior - smaller; supplies to the shoulder… posterior - larger, glenohumeral jt and surrounding muscles

Question 20

quadrangular space artery and innervation

Answer 20

posterior circumflex artery, axillary nerve

Question 21

triangular interval - artery and innervation

Answer 21

profunda brachii, radial nerve

Question 22

triangular space - artery and nerve

Answer 22

circumflex scapular artery (no nerve)

Question 23

xray: humerus superimposed with glenoid fossa (4)

Answer 23

anterior labrum detachment, torn capsule, long head of biceps attenuated, subscapularis muscles destroyed

Question 24

what happens when dislocation occurs

Answer 24

muscles will contract (sudden pain), 6-8 wks before healing

Question 25

longest bone in the body (and 2nd longest)

Answer 25

femur, humerus

Question 26

head articulates w

Answer 26

glenoid fossa

Question 27

anatomical neck, what's attached?

Answer 27

glenohumeral joint capsule

Question 28

attachment of deltoid

Answer 28

deltoid tuberosity (lateral)

Question 29

radial groove what passes here

Answer 29

radial nerve and deep artery

Question 30

capitulum articulates with

Answer 30

head of radius

Question 31

trochlea articulates with

Answer 31

head of ulna

Question 32

humerus: fossae of anterior surface receives what? tapos sa posterior?

Answer 32

anterior: coronoid fossa (ulna coronoid process), radial fossa (radial head); posterior: olecranon fossa (olecranon process of ulna during extension)

Question 33

joints of the elbow (3) what kind?

Answer 33

humeroulnar (trochleoulnar) - ginglymus, proximal radioulnar - trochoid/pivot, humeroradial (capituloradial) - condyloid (shallow ball and socket)

Question 34

ligaments of the elbow (3)

Answer 34

medial/ulnar collateral ligament, lateral/radial collateral ligament, annular ligament

Question 35

holds the long head of the biceps in the groove

Answer 35

transverse humeral ligament

Question 36

main flexor of forearm

Answer 36

brachialis

Question 37

enables you to put down something slowly (extends slowly during extension)

Answer 37

brachialis

Question 38

resists downward dislocation of humeral head

Answer 38

coracobrachialis

Question 39

flexes shoulder

Answer 39

coracobrachialis

Question 40

main extensor of the triceps

Answer 40

medial

Question 41

least active in the triceps, stabilizes glenohumeral joint by resisting inferior displacement of humeral head

Answer 41

long head

Question 42

blood flow: heart --> ? --> a.a. --> ? --> r. sub? --> ? --> ? --> ?

Answer 42

heart -> aorta -> aortic arch -> brachiocephalic -> right subclavian -> axillary -> brachial -> radial/ulnar

Question 43

allow alternative route for blood flow in case of injury

Answer 43

circumflex arteries

Question 44

what can happen when the posterior circumflex artery and axillary nerve (located where?) are damaged?

Answer 44

located near the surgical nec; deterioration of deltoids when damaged!

Question 45

circumflex scapular artery arises from? circumflex humeral arteries arise from? supplies?

Answer 45

from subscapular artery; from axillary artery, supplies deltoid

Question 46

limb development happens in

Answer 46

weeks 5-8

Question 47

connects the shoulder to the axial skeleton

Answer 47

clavicle

Question 48

ligaments that stabilize the ligament (3)

Answer 48

interclavicular, sternoclavicular, costoclavicular

Question 49

does the clavicle have a medullary cavity?

Answer 49

nope, spongy bone itu

Question 50

1st bone to ossify

Answer 50

clavicle

Question 51

increase the resilience of the clavicle

Answer 51

S shape! (convex medial, concave lateral)

Question 52

joint that is last to ossify

Answer 52

sternoclavicular joint

Question 53

found at both joints of the clavicle

Answer 53

fibrocartilage disc

Question 54

what attaches to conoid tubercle of the clavicle

Answer 54

conoid and coracoclavicular ligaments

Question 55

what attaches to trapezoid line of the clavicle

Answer 55

trapezoid ligament

Question 56

attachment of subclavius muscle and costoclavicular ligament

Answer 56

subclavian groove of clavicle

Question 57

attachment of biceps brachii sa scapula

Answer 57

supra- & infraglenoid tubercle

Question 58

trapezius action(s)

Answer 58

descending - elevate scapula; middle - retract scapula; ascending - depress scapula

Question 59

levator & rhomboids vs serratus

Answer 59

the first 2 retracts the scapula and depresses the glenoid cavity; serratus anterior protracts the scapula (*punching) and elevates glenoid cavity so arms can be raised above the shoulder

Question 60

infraspinatus & teres minor vs subscapularis

Answer 60

subscapularis - medial rotator of arm

Question 61

ends of pec major

Answer 61

clavicular and sternal

Question 62

pec minor stabilizes the

Answer 62

scapula

Question 63

subclavius stabilizes the

Answer 63

clavicle

Question 64

absence of clavicle -> condition, defect

Answer 64

cleidocranial dysostosis / cleidocranial dysplasia, can touch shoulders together

Question 65

1 shoulder blade sits higher on the back than the other

Answer 65

sprengel's deformity / congenital high scapula

Question 66

proximal fracture near surgical nerve injuries

Answer 66

axillary nerve & arteries -> deltoid deterioration (*eto yung circumflex na sabi kanina :|)

Question 67

medial fracture injury

Answer 67

radial nerve (at radial groove) -> inability to move wrists up and down

Question 68

distal fracture

Answer 68

brachial artery & median nerve -> impede wrist and phalangeal movement (and sensation)