Osmosis Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is osmosis?
The movement of water from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated one through a partially permeable membrane.
What is the water potential in a dilute solution of sugar?
High concentration of water, therefore a high water potential.
What is the water potential in a concentrated solution of sugar?
Low concentration of water, therefore a low water potential.
How does water move during osmosis?
Water moves from an area of high water potential to low water potential, down the concentration gradient.
Is osmosis an active or passive process?
It is passive and does not use energy.
What happens to a cell placed in a dilute solution?
Water will move into the cell.
What is an isotonic solution?
When the concentration of sugar in the external solution is the same as the internal, resulting in no movement.
What is a hypertonic solution?
When the concentration of sugar in the external solution is higher than the internal, causing water to move out of the cell.
What is a hypotonic solution?
When the concentration of sugar in the external solution is lower than the internal, causing water to move into the cell.
What happens to animal cells in a more dilute external solution?
Water moves into the cells, causing them to burst.
What happens to animal cells in a more concentrated external solution?
Excess water leaves the cell, causing it to become shrivelled.
What happens to plant cells in a more dilute external solution?
Water moves into the cell and vacuole, causing it to swell and create turgor pressure.
What happens to plant cells in a less dilute external solution?
Water moves out of the cell, causing it to become soft and potentially undergo plasmolysis.
What is plasmolysis?
When the cell membrane moves away from the cell wall due to loss of water.
What is the effect of sugar solutions on potato tubers?
Different concentrations of sugar solution result in different volumes of water moving in or out, affecting the mass of the tubers.
How can we measure the effect of sugar solutions on potato tubers?
By measuring the mass of the tuber before and after placing it in solution.
How do you calculate the percentage change in mass?
By dividing the change in mass by the original mass.
