Osmosis, Diffusion, Active transport and cells

Question 1

A hypotonic solution is what and does what to a cell?

Answer 1

If the concentration of solutes (sugar or salt) is lower than the concentration within the cell. The cell will burst if it is an animal cell.

Question 2

A hypertonic solution is what and does what to a cell?

Answer 2

If the concentration of solutes (sugar or salt) is higher than the concentration within the cell. The cell will shrivel if it is an animal cell.

Question 3

An isotonic solution is what and does what to a cell?

Answer 3

If the concentration of solutes (sugar or salt) is the same as the concentration within the cell. The cell will not change.

Question 4

Osmosis is:

Answer 4

The movement of water particles through a semi-permermeable/partially permeable membrane from an area of high water concentracion to an area of low water concentration.

Question 5

Diffusion is:

Answer 5

The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration down the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached.

Question 6

Active transport is:

Answer 6

The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration of up the concentration gradient using energy from respiration and carrier proteins. (When plants need more minerals but already have the same as the soil around.)

Question 7

What are the differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and the DNA is stored in a large circular loop whereas in a eukaryotic cell the DNA is stored in the nucleus and organised into chromosomes

Question 8

Are bacterial cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Answer 8

Prokaryotic as they have no nucleus

Question 9

In cells, where do chemical reactions occur?

Answer 9

In the cytoplasm