Osteology, Arthrology, and Myology of the Thorax

Question 1

What type of joint is the xiphisternal joint?

What is conncected?

Answer 1

synchondrosis

Question 2

What does the costochondral joint connect?

What type of joint is it?

Answer 2

ribs and costal cartilages

synchondrosis

Question 3

What is the function of the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 3

elevates ribs

Question 4

What is a thoroscopy?

Answer 4

insertion of a thoroscope into the pleural cavity through a small incision for visualizing and biopsying

Question 5

What are the contents of the superior thoracic aperture?

Answer 5

trachea
esophagus
nerves and vessels that supply and drain Head, neck, and UE

Question 6

What type of joints are the costovertebral joints?

What are the ligaments to know?

Answer 6

synovial planar
radiate L
intraarticular L
articular capsule

Question 7

Which ribs are typical?

Answer 7

3-9

Question 8

What type of joints are sternocostal joints 2-7?

What are the ligaments to know?

Answer 8

synovial planar
anterior radiate sternocostal L
posterior radiate sternocostal L

Question 9

What is the action of the subcostal muscles?

Answer 9

probably act as the internal intercostal M = depress ribs

Question 10

What/where are ribs most commonly fractured?

Answer 10

middle ribs at weakest pt just anterior to costal angle

Question 11

What costal notches are on the body of the sternum?

Answer 11

half of the 2nd, 3rd-6th, half of the 7th

Question 12

How many costal notches are there total?

Answer 12

7

Question 13

Which ribs are floating?

Answer 13

11 and 12

Question 14

what does the superior costotransverse L connect?

Answer 14

neck of rib to transverse process on vertebral segment superiorly

Question 15

What type of joint is the manubriosternal joint?

What is connected?

Answer 15

symphysis

sternal angle to 2nd costal notch

Question 16

What are the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture?

Answer 16

T12 vertebral segment
11th and 12th ribs
7th-10th costal cartilages
xiphisternal joint

Question 17

Which ribs have a head and tubercle?

Answer 17

3rd through 9th (typical ribs)

Question 18

What does a radiate L connect?

Answer 18

head of a rib to the vertebral body

Question 19

What is the landmark to know on the second rib?

Answer 19

tuberosity of serratus anterior M.

Question 20

What is interesting about the way ribs 8-10 articulate with the sternum?

Answer 20

their costal cartilage articulates w/ costal cartilage one segment superior, which then articulates w/ sternum

Question 21

Besides the head, what are the other 3 landmarks to know on the first rib?

Answer 21

scalene tubercle
groove for subclavian A (posterior)
groove for subclavian V (anterior, remember you have to rip it out to see the artery)

Question 22

What type of joint is the first sternocostal joint?

What is it btw

Answer 22

synchondrosis

btw 1st costal cartilage and sternum

Question 23

How many facets are on the head of a typical rib?

Answer 23

2 = inferior and superior articular facets

Question 24

Which ribs are true/vertebrocostal?

Answer 24

1st-7th

Question 25

Which ribs are atypical?

Answer 25

1, 2, 10-12

Question 26

What n innervates the internal thoracic wall muscles?

Answer 26

Intercostal N

Question 27

What are supernumerary ribs?

Answer 27

extra ribs in either cervical or lumbar region | cervical ribs can produce neural and circulatory problems

Question 28

What does the lateral costotransverse L connect?

Answer 28

tubercle of the rib to transverse process

Question 29

What type of joints are the interchondral joints?

Answer 29

6-9 costal cartilages = planar synovial | btw 9/10 = fibrous joint

Question 30

Which ribs are false? | What does this mean?

Answer 30

8-10 | attach from vertebra to costal cartilage immediately superior to that vetebral segment

Question 31

What costal notches are on the manubrium?

Answer 31

1st and half of the 2nd

Question 32

What does an intraarticular L connect?

Answer 32

head of rib to the intervertebral disc

Question 33

What is the purpose of a thoracentisis? | Where do you insert it?

Answer 33

purpose is to obtain fluid sample or drain fluid from pleural cavity insert needle btw ribs inferior to intercostal neurovasc bundle and superior to collateral branches

Question 34

What is the action of the transverse thoracic Ms? | Where are they?

Answer 34

depress ribs | posterior surface of lower part of sternal body and xiphoid process to internal surface of 2-6 costal cartilages

Question 35

What does a dislocation of a rib refer to? | A separation?

Answer 35

dislocation at sternocostal joint | separation = at costochondral joint

Question 36

What is the function of the internal intercostal muscles?

Answer 36

``` depress ribs (innermost intercostal muscles probably have same function) ```

Question 37

What costal notch is on the ziphoid process?

Answer 37

half of the 7th

Question 38

What are the contents of the inferior thoracic aperture?

Answer 38

esophagus trachea inferior vena cava aorta

Question 39

What is the purpose of a chest tube? | Where do you insert it?

Answer 39

to remove large amounts of air, fluid, blood, or pus from pleural cavity usually btw 5th or 6th intercostal space

Question 40

Where is the articular capsule of a costovertebral joint strongest?

Answer 40

anteriorly (as the radiate L)

Question 41

What type of joints are costotransverse joints? | What do they connect?

Answer 41

synovial planar | tubercle of rib to transverse process of vertebrae

Question 42

What n innervates the intercostal muscles?

Answer 42

intercostal N

Question 43

What is the difference btw a synchondrosis and a symphysis in general?

Answer 43

a synchondrosis has hyaline cartilage | symphysis has fibrocartilage (vertebra)

Question 44

What are the boundaries of the superior thoracic aperture?

Answer 44

T1 vertebral segment, paired 1st ribs and superior manubrium