Osteology of the Leg Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
what is the second largest bone in the body
A
tibia
2
Q
tibia is the (medial or lateral) leg bone
A
medial
3
Q
is the tibia a long or short bone
A
long bone
4
Q
tibia consists of
A
Proximal extremity
Shaft
Distal Extremity
5
Q
Tibia articulates with
A
Femur (knee joint)
Talus (ankle joint)
Fibula (tibiofibular articularion and tibiofibular syndesmosis)
6
Q
tibial torsion
A
a measurement of the external torquing of the distal extremity of the tibia with respect to the proximal extremity
7
Q
tibial torsion angle
A
between the bimalleolar line (line through the medial and lateral malleolus) and the bicondylar line
8
Q
bicondylar line
A
line between the medial and lateral condyles of the tibial plateau
9
Q
proximal extremity of the tibia expand to form
A
medial and lateral condyles
10
Q
superior surface of tibia is called
A
tibial plateau
11
Q
medial facet of tibia
A
egg shaped
12
Q
lateral facet of tibia
A
nearly circular in shape
13
Q
each facet of the tibia is
A
concave, menisci sit on the periphery, femoral condyles articulate with the center
14
Q
intercondylar eminence
A
Is the spine of the tibia
Composed of a medial and lateral tubercle (intercondylar tubercles)
Is located between the 2 facets
15
Q
anterior intercondylar fossa
A
is anterior to the intercondylar eminence
16
Q
posterior intercondylar fossa
A
is posterior to the intercondylar eminence
17
Q
tibial tuberosity location
A
Located on anterior surface of tibia
18
Q
what muscle inserts onto tibial tuberosity
A
ligamentum patellae
19
Q
where are the tubercles are located on the anterior surface of the tibia
A
Tubercle on the medial condyle
Tubercle on the lateral condyles
20
Q
another name for tubercle on the lateral condyle of the tibia
A
Gerdy’s tubercle
21
Q
transverse groove on the posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia is for insertion of what muscle
A
semimembranosus
22
Q
medial surface of the tibia is rough for attachments of
A
capsule of the knee joint and tibial collateral lig
23
Q
lateral surface of the tibia has an articular facet for
A
the head of the fibula (fibular articular facet)
24
Q
describe the shaft of the tibia
A
triangular in shape in cross section with 3 borders (anterior, medial and lateral or interosseous) and 3 surfaces (M,L,P)
25
where does the anterior border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end
beings proximally to the tibial tuberosity and ends distally at the anterior border of the medial malleolus on the distal extremity
26
anterior border of the shaft of the tibia serves for attachments the
deep fascia
27
where does the medial border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end
begins proximally at the medial condyle and ends distally at the posterior border of the medial malleolus on the distal extremity
28
medial border of the shaft of the tibia serves as an attachment for
the deep fascia
29
where does the lateral or interosseous border of the shaft of the tibia begin and end
beings at the fibular facet and ends distally by bifurcating and forming the boundaries of the fibular notch on the distal extremity
30
lateral or interosseous border of the shaft of the tibia serves as attachment for
interosseous membrane
31
medial surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by
anterior and medial borders
32
medial surface of the shaft of the tibia serves as an attachment for
Deep fascia
| Is subcutaneous
33
what muscles originate from the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
NO MUSCLES ORIGINALE FROM MEDIAL SURFACE
34
what muscles insert on the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
This forms pes anserinus
35
where does pes anserinus insert
on the superior portion of the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
36
lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by
the lateral and anterior border
37
what muscle originates from the lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia
Tibialis anterior
38
posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia is bounded by
medial and lateral borders
39
where is the soleal (or popliteal) line located
on the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia
40
where does the soleal (or popliteal line) extend from
obliquely from behind the fibular facet to the junction of the upper and middle 1/3 of the shaft
41
where is the vertical ridge located
on the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia
42
where does the vertical ridge extend to
distally from the middle o the soleal line to the junction of the middle and lower 1/3 of the shaft
43
---- is distal to the popliteal line
nutrient foramen
44
is the distal extremity of the tibia larger or smaller than the upper extremity
smaller
45
how many surfaces does the distal extremity of the tibia have
5 surfaces (anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and inferior)
46
----is an inferior projection of the medial surface
medial malleolus
47
anterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia serves for attachment of
the joint capsule of the ankle joint
48
posterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia serves as an attachment of the
capsule of the ankle joint
49
posterior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia has a shallow groove for the tendon on
FHL
50
inferior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is continuous with what surface
lateral surface of the medial malleolus
51
inferior sufrace of the distal extremity of the tibia articulates with
trochlear surface of the body of the talus
52
inferior surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is also known as
tibial plafond and is part of the ankle mortice or malleolar fork
53
where is the fibualr notch located
on the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the tibia
54
fibular notch is bordered by
anterior and posterior borders that are continuous with the interosseous border of the shaft
55
fibular shaft articulates with
the inferior portion of the notch
56
what ligament attaches to the superior portion of the fibular notch
the interosseous tibiofibular ligament
57
what tubercles are located on the inferior aspect of the borders on the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the tibia
Tubercle of Tillaux or Chaput on the anterior border
| Posterior or 3rd malleolus on posterior border
58
medial surface of the distal extremity of the tibia is continuous with
medial surface of the shaft
59
medial surface is subcutaneous and serves as an attachment for
the deep fascia and medial ankle ligaments
60
how many surfaces and borders does the medial malleolus have
2 surfaces
2 borders
apex
61
medial surface of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of
the deep fascia
62
lateral surface of the medial malleolus has an articular surface for
the medial surface of the body of the talus
63
lateral surface of the medial malleolus is continuous with
inferior surface of the distal extremity
64
anterior border of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of the
deep fascia and capsule of the ankle joint
65
posterior border of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of
the deep fascia and capsule of the ankle joint
66
where is the medial malleolar sulcus located
on the posterior border of the medial malleolus
67
medial malleolar sulcus is for the tendons of
TP
| FDL
68
apex of the medial malleolus is composed of
an anterior and posterior colliculus separated by an intercollicular groove
69
which colliculus of the medial malleolus is larger
anterior colliculus is larger and extends further inferiorly
70
apex of the medial malleolus serves for attachment of
the capsule and medial ligaments of the ankle joint
71
fibula is the -- bone of the leg
lateral
72
is the fibula involved in the knee joint
no
| Carries no weight, but serves for muscular attachments
73
fibula consists of
proximal extremity
shaft
distal extremity
74
fibula articulates with
Tibia (tibiofibular articularion and tibiofibular syndesmosis)
Talus (ankle joint)
75
the fibula is commonly used for
bone grafts
| most commonly used area is near the nutrient foramen
76
proximal extremity or head of the fibula has an articular facet for
lateral condyle of the proximal extremity of the tibia
77
proximal extremity or head of fibula contains --- located posteriorly
apex or styloid process
78
where is the neck of the fibula
where the head meets the shaft
79
the shaft of the fibula has --- borders
3 borders (anterior, interosseous, posterior)
80
how many surfaces does the fibula have
3 surfaces (medial, lateral, posterior)
81
the posterior surface is divided into 2 area for muscular origin by
the cirsta medialis
82
the nutrient foramen of the fibula is located
on the posterior surface
83
the distal extremity of the fibula projects further inferiorly than the
medial malleolus
84
distal extremity of the fibula has how many surfaces and borders
2 surfaces
2 borders
1 apex
85
lateral surface of the distal extremity of the fibula serves for attachment of
deep fascia
86
medial surface of the distal extremity of the fibula has a triangular shaped articular facet for
the lateral surface of the body of the talus
87
malleolar fossa is --- to facet
posterior
88
what ligaments attach to the malleolar fossa
posterior talofibular ligament
| inferior transverse ligament
89
what ligaments attach to the anterior border of the distal extremity of the fibua
anterior talofibular ligament
| calcaneofibular ligament
90
lateral malleolar sulcus is located on what border
posterior border
91
lateral malleolar sulcus for what tendons
fibularis (peroneus) brevis
| fibularis (peroneus) longus
92
apex of the distal extremity of the fibula serves for attachment of the
calcaneofibuar lig
93
describe the patella
oval-triangular bone with the base superior and the apex inferior
94
---is located in the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle that articulates with the distal extremity of the femur
sesamoid bone
95
how many surfaces and borders is the patella composed of
```
2 surfaces (anterior, posterior)
3 borders (superior, medial, lateral)
```
96
what tendon covers the anterior surface of the patella
the quadriceps femoris tendon
97
what ligament attaches to the anterior surface of the patella
ligament patellae
98
what separates the patella from the skin
subcutaneous and prepatellar bursa
99
which patellar facet is larger
lateral facet is larger than medial and has less of a slope
100
what ligament attaches to the rough area below the patella facet
ligamentum patellae
101
superior, medial and lateral borders are rough for attachment of
quadriceps femoris
102
the patella commonly dislocated --- due to ---
laterally
| angle of pull of the quadriceps
103
SEE LEG OSSIFICATION CHART
SEE LEG OSSIFICATION CHART
