Osteoporosis Meds

Question 1

What do the Osteoclasts do?

Answer 1

They chew or break down the old bone cells.

Question 2

What do the Osteoblasts do?

Answer 2

They build up new bone cells.

Question 3

What are the causes of osteoporosis?

Answer 3

• Lack of exercise.
• Low Calcium diet. & Vitamin D.
• Certain medical conditions.
• Certain Medications (e.g Glucocorticoids)
• Change in hormones related to bone metabolism.

Question 4

Signs and symptoms of Osteoporosis?

Answer 4

• Deep bone pain.
• Pathological fractures.
• Decreased mobility.
• Decreased physical function.
• Decreased muscle mass and strength.
• Loss of height and Kyphosis (hunched back)

Question 5

What is the diagnostic test for Osteoporosis?

Answer 5

DEXA

Question 6

Which medications are used to treat Osteoporosis?

Answer 6

• Bisphosphonates.
• Estrogen.
• Raloxifene.
• Calcitonin.
• Denosumab.
• Teriparatide.

Question 7

Example of Bisphosphonates?

Answer 7

• They end with “dronate”
• Alendronate
• Ibandronate

Question 8

Facts about Bisphosphonates?

Answer 8

• Prescribes for Osteoporosis and Paget disease.
• Helps prevent and treat Osteoporosis caused by long-term glucocorticoid therapy.

Question 9

High Yield Concepts of Bisphosphonates?

Answer 9

• Hypocalcemia.
• Esophagitis - (Don’t lay down after taking the medications, you should move around)
• Food interactions - (Take on a complete empty stomach, wait 30 mins before eating a meal, taken in the morning 30 mins before breakfast).

Question 10

Examples of Vitamins & minerals?

Answer 10

• They have names resembling the word “Calcium”.
• Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2)
• Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)
• Calcium

Question 11

Facts about Vitamins & minerals?

Answer 11

• Ergocalciferol and Cholecalciferol is prescribed for Vitamin d deficiency.
• Calcium is prescribed for hypocalcemia, osteoporosis and muscle cramps.
• Calcium carbonate (Tums) is used to relieve heartburn.

Question 12

Vitamin D deficiency in children is __________?

Answer 12

Rickets

Question 13

Vitamin D deficiency in Adults is ___________?

Answer 13

Osteomalacia

Question 14

Calcium is important to the _____, ____ & ______?

(What kinds of system)

Answer 14

• Nervous system.
• Cardiac system.
• Muscular system.

Question 15

High Yield Concepts of Vitamins & Minerals?

Answer 15

• Calcium - (Drink with a full glass of water to prevent kidney stones).
• Ergocalciferol & Cholecalciferol - (Can develop toxic levels).

Question 16

Signs of Vitamin D toxicity?

Answer 16

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Constipation
• Weakness
• Fatigue