Other blood groups

Question 1

i antigen is a minimally branched….

Answer 1

oligosaccharide

Question 2

I antigen is a highly branched…

Answer 2

oligosaccharide

Question 3

I and i antigens are present on what cells?

Answer 3

wbcs
plts
secretions

Question 4

Is I antigen neg in adults rare or common?

Answer 4

rare

Question 5

I/i antigens are what Ig?

Answer 5

IgM

Question 6

anti-I are what type of antibody?

Answer 6

naturally occurring
benign
common autoantibody

Question 7

raynaud’s sydnrome

Answer 7

cold agglutinin syndrome with anti I
pathologic anti I causes autoagglutination by binding C’

Question 8

anti-I has a cross rxn w/ what bacteria?

Answer 8

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 9

anti-i has a cross rxn w/ what bacteria?

Answer 9

Infectious mononucleosis
creates potent anti-i

Question 10

anti-IH complex

Answer 10

reacts strongest w/ O and A2 people
will not agglutinate group O cord cells
requires both anti-I and anti-H

Question 11

anti- IA complex

Answer 11

antibody in B people
requires both anti-I and anti-A

Question 12

anti H vs. bombay anti-H

Answer 12

anti-H: cold autoAb
bombay anti-H: strong alloAb

Question 13

cold autoAb can cause what in an IAT?

Answer 13

all + rxns
may mask significant Ab
masking can occur at RT & AHG phase

Question 14

cold autoAb can cause what in a ABO/Rh typing?

Answer 14

discrepancies in reverse grp
interfere w/ Rh control (+DAT)

Question 15

cold alloAb vs cold autoAb

Answer 15

cold alloAb: IS/+000 37/0000
cold autoAb: IS/++++ 37/0000

Question 16

O cord cells have what I antigen?

Answer 16

i
anti-I

Question 17

O cells have what I antigen?

Answer 17

I
anti-i

Question 18

P antigen is present on all human RBCs
true or false

Answer 18

true

Question 19

P1 antigen

Answer 19

most common
varies in strength
poorly developed @ birth
deteriorates w/ storage

Question 20

pK antigen

Answer 20

converted to P antigen

Question 21

P1 phenotypes have what antigen?

Answer 21

P
P1
79% caucasians
94% african americans

Question 22

P2 phenotypes have what antigen?

Answer 22

P
lacks P1 (make anti-P1)

Question 23

P phenotype has what antigen?

Answer 23

none- null
can make anti-PP1Pk
called anti-Tja

Question 24

p1k phenotype has what antigen?

Answer 24

vary rare
P1
pk
lacks P (make anti-P)

Question 25

P2k phenotype has what antigen?

Answer 25

very rare pk lacks p1 and p

Question 26

anti-P1

Answer 26

most common IgM

Question 27

hydatid cysts and pigeon egg is what?

Answer 27

P1 substance- neutralizes anti-P1 activity

Question 28

anti-P

Answer 28

IgM strong antibody naturally occurring rarely seen Donath Landsteiner (PCH IgG w/ anti-P)

Question 29

anti-PP1pk

Answer 29

naturally occurring IgM some IgG binds C' strong hemolysin anti Tja HTR/HDN

Question 30

Lea and Leb are produced by what enzyme?

Answer 30

glycosyl transferases

Question 31

antigen production of Le/Le Le/le

Answer 31

fucosyl transferase adds fucose to subterminal sugar needs H gene as well- type 1 chains

Question 32

for Le/Le and Le/le type 1 chains are in what?

Answer 32

plasma adsorbed onto RBC membrane

Question 33

type 2 chains (Le/Le Le/le)

Answer 33

on RBCs no Le activity

Question 34

Se gene codes for what?

Answer 34

fucosyl transferase

Question 35

Le a+b+ is seen in what population?

Answer 35

very rare Asian

Question 36

le/le means what antigens

Answer 36

no Lewis antigens produced Le a-b-

Question 37

lewis antigens are strongly produced at birth true or false

Answer 37

false: they are poorly developed at birth seen 10 days after birth and it changes from Lea-b- to Lea+b- to Lea+b+ to Lea-b+ by 6 years of age

Question 38

Lewis antibodies are what Ig?

Answer 38

IgM

Question 39

Lewis antibodies can or cannot bind complement?

Answer 39

can

Question 40

Lewis antibodies are clinically significant true or false?

Answer 40

false: not usually clinically significant

Question 41

Lewis antibodies are enhanced by enzyme treatment true or false?

Answer 41

true seen with lacy agglutination

Question 42

transfusion practices with Lewis

Answer 42

transfused cells shed Le Ag and take on recipients' Ag least significant Ab- hemolysis is rare

Question 43

for the MNS group what type is most common?

Answer 43

M+ N+ s+

Question 44

anti-S is the most ____ antibody

Answer 44

common

Question 45

normal RBCs carry 4 sialoglycoproteins what are they?

Answer 45

glycophorin A (M, N) glycophorin B (S,s,U) glycophorin C glycophorin D

Question 46

M and N antigen features

Answer 46

co-dominant show dosage well developed at birth on RBC Ag built on glycophorin A destroyed by enzymes

Question 47

what blood group antigens are enhanced by enzymes?

Answer 47

ABO H Lewis P I Rh Kidd

Question 48

what blood group antigens are decreased by enzymes?

Answer 48

MNS Duffy Lutheran

Question 49

what blood group antigens are unaffected by enzymes?

Answer 49

Kell Diego Colton

Question 50

what substance neutralizes the activity of antibody for the ABO group?

Answer 50

saliva (secretor)

Question 51

what substance neutralizes the activity of antibody for the Lewis group?

Answer 51

saliva (secretor for Leb)

Question 52

what substance neutralizes the activity of P1 antibody?

Answer 52

hydatid cyst fluid pigeon egg whites

Question 53

what lectin is useful in polyagglutination for A1

Answer 53

Dolichos biflorus

Question 54

what lectin is useful in polyagglutination for H

Answer 54

Ulex europaeus

Question 55

what lectin is useful in polyagglutination for N

Answer 55

Vicia graminea

Question 56

anti M is naturally occuring antibody of what Ig?

Answer 56

IgM

Question 57

does anit-M bind complement

Answer 57

no

Question 58

when is anti-M clinically significant?

Answer 58

when it reacts at 37*C or AHG

Question 59

anti N is less commonly seen than what antibody in the MNS group

Answer 59

anti M

Question 60

what is anti-Nf?

Answer 60

seen in dialysis patients where the equipment was sterilized with formaldehyde alters N antigen

Question 61

S and s antigen features

Answer 61

co dominant might show dosage well developed at birth primarily RBC antigen built on glycophorin B destroyed by enzymes

Question 62

U antigen features

Answer 62

high incidence antigen

Question 63

anti-S anti-s, anti-U antibodies

Answer 63

IgG may bind complement clinically significant associated w/ HTR/HDN

Question 64

what population is S- s- U-?

Answer 64

small % of African Americans must be transfused with U neg cells

Question 65

the Lutheran blood group has what antigens?

Answer 65

Lua and Lub

Question 66

Lutheran antigen features

Answer 66

co dominant show dosage poorly developed at birth RBC antigens

Question 67

most common Lutheran pheotype

Answer 67

Lu a-b+

Question 68

Lu gene is on what chromosome?

Answer 68

19 linked to Se gene

Question 69

anti-Lua features

Answer 69

naturally occurring saline agglutinin IgM, IgG, IgA often not detected clinically insignificant may cause mild HDN

Question 70

why is anti Lua not often detected?

Answer 70

most reagent cells are Lua -

Question 71

what is a feature of Lua detection?

Answer 71

mf agglutination and lacy randomly pops up at crossmatching test

Question 72

anti Lub features

Answer 72

immune mediated; some naturally occurring IgG may cause decreased survival of tranfused cells associated w/ mild HDN No severe hemolysis

Question 73

Kell has how many antigens?

Answer 73

~25

Question 74

what are the 6 most important antigens in Kell

Answer 74

K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jsa, Jsb

Question 75

Kell antigens are what kind of antigens?

Answer 75

RBC- glycoproteins

Question 76

Kell antigen features

Answer 76

well developed at birth show dosage denatured by ddt, zzap, 2me

Question 77

K antigen

Answer 77

KEL1 very immunogenic low frequency

Question 78

k antigen

Answer 78

KEL2 cellano high frequency

Question 79

anti-K features

Answer 79

IgG frequently seen HTR/HDN must give Ag- blood

Question 80

anti-k features

Answer 80

rarely seen HTR/HDN must give Ag- blood

Question 81

Kpa and Jsa features

Answer 81

low frequency antigens Ab behave like antiK easy to find - blood

Question 82

Kpv and Jsb features

Answer 82

high frequency antigens Ab behave like antiK hard to find Ag- blood

Question 83

Kx

Answer 83

in own system XK (Kell group thought to be K precursor)

Question 84

K0

Answer 84

silent allele null phenotype have only Kx on RBCs

Question 85

McLeod phenotype

Answer 85

appears like Knull weak expression of k, Kpb, Jsb RBCs decreased survival RBC acanthocytes ab. neuromuscular activity may be assoc. w/ chronic granulomatous disease