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World Issues > Other Test 8 > Flashcards

Other Test 8 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

true/false
state constitutions are much less flexible and much more detailed that the US constitution

A

true

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2
Q

“almost without exception, state constitutions are in urgent need of reform. the typical document is cluttered with…

A

-unnecessary details
-burdensome restrictions
-obsolete sections
-repetitious and contradictory material

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3
Q

27 states call their governing body the “legislature,” and the second most popular title for this body among the states is the ____________________

A

general assembly

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4
Q

____________________ is the only state that has one house (unicameral) legislature

A

nebraska

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5
Q

in over half the states, senators must be at least _______ years old

A

25

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6
Q

true/false
in every state, legislators are chosen by popular vote (of its citizens)

A

true

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7
Q

most state legislators are elected in november of _________-____________ years

A

even-numbered

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8
Q

in most states, members of the upper house (senate) serve _______ _______ terms

A

4 year

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9
Q

the average annual salary of a state legislator is $__________

A

$22,000

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10
Q

true/false
in every state, only a member of the legislature can introduce a bill

A

true

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11
Q

true/false
elections for governor are called “gubernatorial” elections

A

true

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12
Q

true/false
in most states, the Lieutenant Governor is next in line of succession to become governor

A

true

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13
Q

the average annual salary of a state governor is $_______

A

$130,000

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14
Q

true/false
every state’s constitution makes the governor the commander in chief of the state’s armed forces (militia/guard)

A

true

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15
Q

in every state, the governor has some powers of judicial clemency for people convicted of crimes including:

A

-pardon (immediate relief from consequences of a crime)
-commutation (change of sentence)
-reprieve (postpone execution sentence)

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16
Q

takes over for governor
leads senate (in most states)

A

lieutenant governor

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17
Q

chief clerk and record-keeper
oversees elections

A

secretary of state

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18
Q

oversees state funds (collection/payments)

A

Treasurer

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19
Q

chief state law-enforcement officer

A

attorney general

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20
Q

_______________ laws are enacted by the legislative body

A

statutory

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21
Q

___________________ laws are those made by the executive branch (and its officers)

A

administrative

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22
Q

a judge presides over a _______ trial without a jury (used almost exclusively in civil and misdemeanor cases)

A

bench

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23
Q

the justice of the peace most frequently serves in ___________ courts

A

local

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24
Q

________________ courts hear cases that are city-wide

A

municipal

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25
a ______________ court system is organized on a functional basis, where certain types of cases are heard in specific courts throughout a state
geographic
26
most judges in most states are selected by _____________
popular election (partisan & non-partisan)
27
the leaders of counties are usually selected by popular election and serve for ________ years
four
28
there are currently a total of ______________ federally-recognized tribal governments in America, with authority over the lives of about 2 million people
566
29
_____________ are created primarily by their citizens to obtain public services, rather than as direct agents of the state
cities
30
the constitution of a city is called its ________
charter
31
the _____________ form of city government is the oldest and most widely used
mayor-council
32
the practice of dividing a city into several districts and regulating the uses to which property in each of them may be put is called __________
zoning
33
_______________ is the most expensive item in every's state's budget
education
34
primary and secondary public education is largely the responsibility of _________ governments
local
35
on average, most state and local revenue come from __________
the federal government
36
true/false every state levies a selective sales tax on gasoline
true
37
property taxes are almost always levied at the ________ level
local
38
_____ states operate lotteries
45
39
china: political capital
beijing
40
china: economic capital
shanghai
41
china: key political party
chinese communist party
42
china: executive branch
Xi Jinping 5 year term but no limits unlimited terms
43
china: legislative branch
national people's congress 2924 members
44
china: supreme court
14 justices
45
china: geographic location of primary population density
94% population in the east
46
china: primary ethnic group, language, religion
primary ethnicity - han (92%) primary religion - atheism (50%) primary language - mandarin (62%)
47
china: social credit system
ranks the purchases people make and regulates/censors private chats + public posts
48
china: debt-trap diplomacy
strategy of loaning excessive money to developing countries for much-needed infrastructure projects when the borrowing country cannot service the debt
49
china: how office-holders are elected
elected by the People's Congress
50
china: types/names of economic and political structures used
state capitalism (economics) responsive authoritarianism (political)
51
china: geopolitical assets
-gobi desert protects them from the north -jungle protects them in the southwest -two internal waterways
52
china: geopolitical challenges
-US friends with most surrounding countries, creates vulnerability in the east
53
russia: capital
moscow
54
russia: key political party
United Russia Party
55
russia: executive branch
president--elected by citizens, Vladimir Putin prime minister--appointed by president
56
russia: legislative branch
lower: state duma--elected by citizens upper: federation council--appointed by president
57
russia: supreme court
all justices appointed by president
58
russia: primary religion
christian orthodox (72%) muslim (19%)
59
russia: how office-holders are elected
people vote on the president every two years president picks a prime minister
60
russia: types/names of economic and political structures used
state capitalism (economics) authoritarianism (politics)
61
russia: geopolitical assets
-large land mass -30% of earth's natural resources
62
russia: geopolitical challenges
-extensive infrastructure: waterway access -buffer territories: military protection of core -large standing army (15% of population)

World Issues (8 decks)

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